arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 21, 2026 — 01:55:59 EST
Comparative analyses of mortality dynamics across countries have long shaped our understanding of mortality inequalities and patterns of divergence and convergence over time. However, most existing studies focus on either mortality differences across countries at a single point in time or on country trajectories, without considering...
High-dimensional data create challenges for causal effect estimation because identifying the covariates needed for correct model specification becomes increasingly difficult. Double/debiased machine learning (DML) facilitates the use of machine learning (ML) for causal inference by mitigating regularization and overfitting bias, but...
Galactic foregrounds represent a major contamination to the measurement of primordial $B$-modes from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background polarisation. Even after the application of component separation algorithms, foreground residuals may potentially still bias the estimate of the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, causing a...
The vanilla scotogenic model (VSM) featuring three right-handed neutrinos and an inert scalar doublet, offers a unified explanation of neutrino masses, dark matter (DM), and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe through leptogenesis. The typical mass scale of such a scenario lies in the vicinity of $\sim$ 10 TeV and above, whereas...
For any fixed $k$, we prove a lower bound on the $k$th largest modulus of an eigenvalue of the non-backtracking matrix $B$. Specifically, consider any deterministic or random family of graphs that converges locally to the unimodular Galton-Watson tree with root degree distribution $D$, and set $κ:=\mathbb E[D(D-1)]/\mathbb E[D]$....
We obtain two families of neutral planar black branes in a potential-free dilaton-coupled Lovelock--Horndeski theory. Heterotic compactification relates higher-dimensional curvature to scalar dynamics and motivates the interaction structure. At fixed scalar zero mode, the horizon radius and temperature vary while the complete...
An agentic society is a collection of AI agents that coordinate autonomously across trust boundaries, on behalf of different principals whose objectives may only partially align. We show experimentally that in agentic societies even honest, competent agents often fail to reach satisfactory outcomes with existing harnesses and...
Traditionally, the disc is believed to evolve under the influence of turbulent viscosity, although the importance of this mechanism has recently been questioned. Alternatively, magnetic disc wind or gravitational instability could be considered, but which of these three mechanisms contributes the most at a given evolutionary stage...
Kernel-level anti-cheats are effective against malicious player behavior in competitive video games, but raise significant user privacy concerns regarding installing unverifiable components at privileged modes (i.e., ring-0 in x86). While existing research has focused on improving the effectiveness of anti-cheats, the user privacy...
World-action models (WAMs) jointly model future observations and actions, typically predicting the future as RGB images. Other visual modalities such as depth, pretrained visual features, and point tracks can more efficiently capture geometric, semantic, and motion features. However, how best to combine these modalities within WAMs...
We introduce and release ScienceBuddy, an interactive scientific research workspace that brings continually improving scientific agents into researchers' everyday workflows. ScienceBuddy supports researchers in carrying out scientific tasks while transforming their requests, feedback, and execution evidence into tasks and evaluation...
Spherical p-spin models provide a mean-field framework for glassy dynamics. Coupling such systems opens a controlled way to probe how they evolve jointly, develop cross correlations, and possibly share common aging scales. We study spherical p-spin systems with site-independent inter-system couplings and generally correlated quenched...
Interactive control for video generation is moving from coarse prompts toward fine-grained, physically meaningful manipulation of dynamic scenes. Yet existing controllable methods either require the full control schedule before generation starts, or use pixel-space signals that dictate object positions rather than physical dynamics....
Consider a branching random walk (BRW) of depth $n$ with standard Gaussian increments, conditioned on all endpoints lying in an interval of radius $r$ (which may depend on $n$), i.e. a small ball event. We prove that this conditioning results in exponential decay of correlations between the endpoints, with correlation length $O(r)$....
We prove an equivariant Landweber exact functor theorem for abelian compact Lie groups $G$. For a graded module $N$ over the $G$-equivariant Lazard ring $L_G$, we give necessary and sufficient algebraic conditions on $N$ for the functor \[ X\longmapsto (MU_G)_*(X)\otimes_{L_G} N \] to define a homology theory on the category...
A BV structure is constructed on the space of zero modes of a quadratic elliptic higher abelian gauge theory. The associated BV integral is shown to be independent of the choice of zero-mode Lagrangian under mild hypotheses. The construction yields explicit zero-mode partition functions for several $p$-form abelian gauge theories.
Barycentric Rényi divergences were introduced in [Mosonyi, Bunth, Vrana, Linear Algebra and its Applications, 2024] as an alternative to standard Kubo-Ando constructions to define multivariate quantum Rényi divergences. They are defined via a variational expression and depend on a finite collection of quantum relative entropies...
Large language models can produce fluent answers when their factual support is weak. This paper introduces Chain-of-Self-Questioning (CoSQ), a prompt-only framework that makes answer commitment conditional on an explicit assessment of the information required to answer a question. We evaluate three CoSQ variants under seventeen...
Pruning can reduce the deployment cost of large language models (LLMs), but its impact on context-grounded tool calling remains poorly understood. We systematically study pruning-induced degradation in smart-home tool calling across four LLMs spanning dense Transformer, dense hybrid, and mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures,...
The area compressibility modulus is a key descriptor of lipid membrane mechanics, but the molecular interactions that determine this elasticity are not evident from the total modulus alone. Here, molecular dynamics simulations of a POPC bilayer described by the coarse-grained Martini 3 force field were combined with virial stress...
We bring new insights into the numerical geography of polarized Calabi-Yau threefolds through the first jet bundle, tangent geometry and projective duality. Let $X$ be a Calabi-Yau threefold with a very ample polarization $H$. We use mixed intersections on the projectivized dual of the first jet bundle to prove a quadratic inequality...
We prove that every smooth properly embedded free-boundary minimal annulus in the unit ball is congruent to the critical catenoid. We also classify positive solutions of $(Δ_{\mathbb{S}^2}+2)u=0$ on smooth spherical annuli with $u=0$ and $|\nabla u|=1$ on the boundary; their one-homogeneous extensions are the axially symmetric...
We study the singular limit $p \downarrow 1$ for positive radial entire solutions $u_p$ of $$ -Δ_p u_p=F_p\left(|x|, u_p,\left|\nabla u_p\right|\right) u_p^{-β_p} \quad \text { in } \mathbb{R}^n, $$ where $n \geq 2,1<p<\min \{2, \sqrt{n}\}$, and $0 \leq β_p \leq p-1$. Assuming that $$ F_p \rightarrow F_1 \quad \text { locally...
We present a complete analytic expression for the $N$-body Hamiltonian of nonspinning point particles at second post-Newtonian (2PN) order in the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) gauge. Recent work reduced the general $N$-body Hamiltonian to a form containing a single unresolved integral term, which prevented a fully explicit closed-form...
Neural audio codecs are a key component in speech language modeling. However, their high frame rates lead to long sequence lengths, increasing computational costs. Dynamic frame rate codecs mitigate this by reducing the effective frame rate using a compression step to merge multiple frames together. However, most prior methods either...