arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 24, 2026 — 10:30:39 EST
We present a new empirical model for galaxy rotation curves that introduces a velocity correction term ω, derived from observed stellar motion and anchored to Keplerian baselines. Unlike parametric halo models or modified gravity theories, this approach does not alter Newtonian dynamics or invoke dark matter distributions. Instead, it...
We develop a model of particle energization and emission from strongly turbulent black-hole coronae. Our local model is based on a set of 2D radiative particle-in-cell simulations with an electron-ion plasma composition, injection and diffusive escape of photons and charged particles, and self-consistent Compton scattering. We show...
Assembly theory (AT) introduces causation as a material property and establishes a metrology for objects produced by evolution and selection. The physical scale of causation is quantified by the assembly index, defined as the minimum number of recursive steps necessary to make an object. Observing countable copies of high assembly...
We investigate the gamma-ray spectrum in the MeV range arising from electron-positron pair annihilation in fireballs associated with magnetar giant flares (MGFs), motivated by the recent observation of a MeV gamma-ray line feature in a bright gamma-ray burst, GRB~221009A. We develop an analytic model of line emission, demonstrating...
We investigate the strong-field limit of a charged particle in an electromagnetic field as a toy model for general covariant systems, establishing a novel connection between constrained Hamiltonian dynamics and noncommutative geometry. Starting from the action $S=\int dτ\, \dot{x}^i A_i(x)$, which represents the holonomy of the...
We aim to evaluate how well the variation of small-scale magnetic fields on the stellar surface can be monitored with time-series observations. Further, we aim to establish to what extent the measured total unsigned magnetic field traces other activity indicators. We measured the total unsigned magnetic field on four young, stars...
We construct in detail the irreducible representations of the BMS group with super rotations in three and four dimensions that have the same rest frame momenta as the massive and massless Poincare point particles. We compare these representations to those of the Poincare group and also to the analogous representations of global BMS....
We study the nonleptonic decays of $Ω_{b}\rightarrowΩ_{c} P (V)$ with eight pseudoscalar and vector mesons using the naive factorization approach. We analyze all relevant topologies (the tree-level, color-suppressed, and penguin) of these decays and calculate the decay amplitude for each separately. We determine the decay rates,...
We report new experimental constraints on the generalized version of the gravity-induced decoherence model originally proposed by Károlyházy. Using data collected by the VIP Collaboration at the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory with a high-purity germanium detector, we derive an improved lower bound on the spatial correlation...
The Hubble tension is commonly framed as a discrepancy between local, late-time measurements favoring $H_0 \approx 73$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ and early-time, Sound-Horizon-based measurements favoring $H_0 \approx 67$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$. We challenge this viewpoint by analyzing 88 Sound Horizon Free $H_0$ measurements, categorized...
Solar-pumped lasers, predominantly based on neodymium gain media, offer a promising route to renewable laser-energy conversion and space-based photonics; however, their performance has been constrained by thermal loading and limited power scalability. Here, we propose and numerically investigate a solar-pumped ytterbium thin-disk gain...
The dynamics of filaments in flow are central to understanding a wide range of biological and soft-matter systems, yet their behavior under time-dependent forcing remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the long-time dynamics of Brownian inextensible elastic filaments subjected to strong uniform oscillatory shear by combining...
WASP-107~b is an extremely low-density super-puff exoplanet whose inflated radius and evidence of strong internal heating make it a key target for understanding planetary structure and evolution. Its orbital eccentricity is a critical parameter for testing mechanisms such as tidal heating and high-eccentricity migration, yet previous...
The concept of gravitons and their masses, clear in the case of Minkowski spacetime, remains ambiguous for de Sitter spacetime. Here, we used a two-fluid approach to de Sitter thermodynamics and found a collective mode that is analogous to second sound in the two-fluid dynamics of the de Sitter state. This mode is massless and...
Aerosol-cloud interactions represent the largest uncertainty in climate-change assessment, and while cloud turbulence is considered crucial for droplet growth, its precise role remains unclear. Our laboratory-controlled studies show that turbulence does not always enhance collision and coalescence; instead, its influence emerges only...
X-ray selected surveys of clusters of galaxies have been reported to contain more regular cool core clusters compared to samples selected using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. Morphology population studies on X-ray selected clusters will be biased without taking into account selection, as cool cores are more easily detected at low...
We present a reference-free holographic telepresence system that directly captures and replays complex optical wavefronts from a single intensity speckle measurement. Using a pre-characterized geometric phase diffuser, the incident field self-interferes to form a speckle pattern, from which the wavefront is recovered via a...
A critical review of artificial intelligence and deep machine learning (AI/ML) applied to downscaling of global climate model simulations provides some words of caution, based on past experiences and well-established principles. Recent papers tend to ignore more subtle successes with statistics and mathematical based downscaling, and...
Accurate hindcasting of sea state events is a cornerstone of coastal engineering, risk assessment, and climate-related studies, yet it remains limited by uncertainties in physical parameterizations and model structure. This study introduces an automated calibration framework based on Bayesian Optimization (BO) using the...
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in $Λ$-type atomic systems underpins quantum technologies such as high-fidelity memory and nonlinear optics, but conventional setups face intrinsic limitations. Standard geometries of one-dimensional atomic chains coupled to waveguides allow only a single bright superradiant channel,...
Cobalt-free high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have garnered interest for nuclear structural applications due to their good mechanical performance, thermal stability, and resistance to radiation-induced degradation, while avoiding long-lived Co radioisotopes. This study presents an experimental and computational investigation of the plastic...
Atmospheric variations over time and space boost planetary cooling, as outgoing internal flux responds to stellar radiation and opacity. Vertical mixing regulates this cooling. Our study examines how gravity waves or large-scale induced mixing interact with radiation transfer, affecting temperature inhomogeneity and internal flux....
Recent developments in generalized symmetries have provided new insights into quantum field theories. Within this framework, photons can be understood as Nambu-Goldstone modes associated with a spontaneously broken higher-form symmetry. In this work, we develop an effective field theory that builds on this symmetry structure to...
The efficacy of cryopreservation is constrained by the difficulty of achieving sufficiently high intracellular concentrations of cryoprotective solutes without inducing osmotic injury or chemical toxicity during loading. This thermodynamic study introduces a new conceptual mechanism for cryoprotectant delivery into cells directly or...
DarkSide-50 achieved leading WIMP limits down to 1.2 GeV/c2 with an ionization-only analysis, despite its small active mass of 46 kg compared to multi-ton noble-liquid detectors. Accurate modelling of the nuclear-recoil ionization yield (Qy) is central to interpreting such searches. A new global fit combining nuclear-recoil response...