arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 19, 2026 — 19:22:00 EST
Peptide-HLA binding prediction is a critical step in neoantigen identification for personalized cancer immunotherapy and holds significant clinical value. However, the training data available for many HLA alleles are extremely limited, which severely constrains the performance of conventional methods on this task. Parameterized...
Materials discovery and design campaigns can be formulated as constrained multi-objective Bayesian optimization (CMOBO) problems, within which each experimental decision negotiates between two coupled but competing goals: discovering feasible candidates and refining the underlying Pareto front. Here we recast acquisition-function...
Confidence intervals of location (CIL) of calling marine mammals, derived from time-differences-of-arrival (TDOA) between receivers, depend on errors of TDOAs, receiver location, clocks, sound speeds, and location method. When these errors are minuscule, simulations yield small errors of PAMGuard's 3D simplex localizer when click...
Enhanced performance of quantum reservoir computing has been associated with dynamical phase transitions, but whether this connection extends to dissipative systems and which relaxation mechanisms underlie it remain insufficiently understood. We systematically compare driven-dissipative Kerr reservoirs across first-order and...
We study how a close passage past an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) changes the evolution of an eccentric white dwarf (WD) binary that has nominal Roche lobe overflow at internal pericenter. Using three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics, we follow binaries with eccentricity $e_{\rm in}=0.6$ and mass ratios $q=0.2$ --...
Primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the early universe represent a well-motivated dark matter candidate. However, their abundance in the intermediate-to-high mass range ($10^6$-$10^9\,M_\odot$) remains relatively less constrained. In this mass regime, the corresponding Einstein radii on the milliarcsecond scale make Very Long...
The application of microfabricated nanocalorimeters for real-time, highly sensitive, and selective monitoring of the energy fluxes from low-pressure plasma discharges has been reported recently. Here, we describe the experimental setup for complementary characterization of nanocalorimeters performance using plasma diagnostics...
Sequential thermal evaporation (sTE) is emerging as a solvent-free route to high-quality mid-bandgap perovskites, but its extension to mixed-halide wide-bandgap (WBG) and Sn-Pb narrow-bandgap (NBG) absorbers for all-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) remains limited by an incomplete understanding of solid-state conversion. Here,...
The dynamical dielectric response of twisted bilayer graphene is explored in large-angle dispersive-band and small-angle quasi-flat-band regimes using time-dependent density-functional theory within the random-phase approximation. At the reference bilayer-graphene interlayer distance, weak coupling in the largest-angle structures...
The relentless proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), wearable bioelectronics, and cyber-physical infrastructure has rendered the conventional electrochemical battery the single most prohibitive bottleneck to long-term, maintenance-free autonomous microsystems. Energy harvesting, i.e. the conversion of ambient mechanical,...
Ultra-short-period (USP) rocky exoplanets can have dayside temperatures high enough to maintain permanent magma oceans, sitting at the intersection of interior geophysics and atmospheric chemistry. Coupled feedbacks between the molten surface and outgassed atmosphere can sustain or enhance a volatile envelope, while stellar...
We report the observation of significant double-$s\bar{s}$ production in the $e^+e^-$ continuum, based on the measurement of prompt $φ$ mesons produced in association with hadrons containing an $s$ quark or an $s\bar{s}$ pair. In an analysis of $e^+e^-$ collision data collected by the BESIII experiment at $\sqrt{s}=3.08~\textrm{GeV}$,...
Landau diamagnetism is usually derived from the grand canonical potential, a calculation that yields the correct susceptibility but little physical insight, while the rule that extremal cross sections govern the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations is commonly asserted rather than exhibited. We present an elementary zero-temperature...
Higher-order interactions couple three or more elements in ways that cannot be decomposed into pairwise contributions. In diverse complex systems they produce striking collective behaviours such as explosive synchronization, discontinuous transitions and altered stability. Neither such behaviour nor a description written in many-body...
Direct observation of the temporal-energy structure of pulsed electron beams is crucial for beam-driven light generation and time-resolved microscopic imaging. In this study, we characterized the spatially non-uniform time-energy structure in multi-electron ultrashort pulses exhibiting significant space-charge effects. By combining...
We investigated the pressure-induced evolution of the electronic and crystal structure of the noncentrosymmetric BaNiSn3-type antiferromagnet EuIrGe3 using x-ray absorption spectroscopy, synchrotron x-ray diffraction complemented by density functional theory calculations, and electrical resistivity measurements. The Eu L3-edge spectra...
The HI Zeeman effect provides one of the few direct probes of magnetic field strengths in the diffuse atomic interstellar medium (ISM), yet the physical quantity recovered by the standard weak-field estimator remains uncertain in multiphase gas. This is especially relevant to the low-column-density branch of the observed magnetic...
A novel class of polycatenated architected materials (PAMs) has recently emerged, exhibiting distinctive mechanical properties such as stress-strain hysteresis and a geometry-driven transition between solid-like and fluid-like behavior. Although finite element models exist for conventional PAMs, none currently account for...
Quantifying the interactions between active Janus particles remains a challenge that needs to be addressed to describe their collective behaviour. Inspired by a photonic force microscopy setup where two active Janus particles are confined in separate optical tweezers, we derive the steady-state probability distribution of each...
Surface reflectance and roughness are key to understanding Mercury's geologic evolution. The BepiColombo Laser Altimeter (BELA) will measure these properties alongside topography, but predicting its performance requires realistic modeling of laser return pulse shapes, unlike a simplified Gaussian approximation in earlier models. We...
Chemical substitution provides an effective route to tune the structural and superconducting properties and to explore the evolution of superconductivity across related materials. In this work, we investigate the effect of Pb/Bi mixing on superconductivity in possible topological superconductors \ch{Pb2Pd} and $β$-\ch{Bi2Pd}, by...
A quantitative comparison of the predictions of three theoretical descriptions (TMD, pQCD and geometrical) of the angular coefficients in Drell-Yan Z-boson production with new experimental data on angular coefficients obtained by the ATLAS, CMS and LHCb collaborations has been performed. In the central rapidity region at low-$Q_T$,...
The behavior of wave propagation and scattering in time-variant materials has been studied by many authors, for electromagnetic as well as for mechanical waves. Most studies consider two-dimensional waves, governed by scalar wave equations. Here we introduce a unified wave equation for three-dimensional electromagnetic and...
Since the detection of the first extrasolar planets thirty-five years ago, the dawn in detected signals has been driven primarily by radial velocity and transit techniques. However, other methodologies have gained significant interest due to their ability to explore specific niches that are challenging to access with traditional...
Exceptional-point signatures in first-passage observables are governed by two independent survival mechanisms: nonlinear spectral defectivity must pass from the one-record or transfer description to the physical one-level first-passage ladder, and the resulting ladder Jordan mode must have nonzero overlap with the chosen preparation...