arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through July 28, 2026 — 12:12:35 EST
Observing the dayside thermal emissions of rocky exoplanets provides essential insights into their compositions and the presence of atmospheres. Even though no conclusive evidence has been found for atmospheres on small rocky exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs, recent JWST observations identified puzzling thermal emission excesses. Some...
We show that the functional appearing in the celebrated Parisi formula for the free energy of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model can be found from the incremental free energy obtained by Cavity Method if one assumes that the state is a product of independent Random Energy models.
Two-dimensional type-II topological semimetals (TSMs), characterized by strongly tilted Dirac cones, have attracted intense interest for their unconventional electronic properties and exotic transport behaviors. However, rational design remains challenging due to the sensitivity of band tilting to lattice geometry, atomic...
We investigate the topological entanglement entropy of quantum states arising in the context of three-dimensional Chern-Simons theory with compact gauge group $G$ and Chern-Simons level $k$. We focus on the quantum states associated with the $T_{dm,dn}$ torus link complements, which is a $d$-party pure quantum state, and analyze its...
These lectures advocate the idea that quantum entanglement provides a unifying foundation for both statistical physics and high-energy interactions. I argue that, at sufficiently long times or high energies, most quantum systems approach a Maximal Entanglement Limit (MEL) in which phases of quantum states become unobservable, reduced...
This work examines $Δ_T$ noise in two-terminal hybrid nanostructures featuring a quantum point contact (QPC), realized either between two normal metals (NQN) or between a normal metal and a superconductor (NQS). The inclusion of a QPC breaks electron-hole (e-h) symmetry, leading to a finite thermovoltage. In contrast, earlier studies...
Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of the supermassive black hole M87* depict an asymmetric ring of emission. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models of M87* and its accretion disk predict that the amplitude and location of the ring's peak brightness asymmetry should fluctuate due to turbulence in the source plasma....
Early JWST observations of TRAPPIST-1 have revealed an unexpected puzzle: energetic white-light flares ($\rm{E} > 10^{30}$ erg) reach temperatures of only ${\sim}$3500--4000\,K, nearly three times cooler than typical solar flares, which peak around 9000--10000\,K. Here we explain this difference by identifying the physical mechanism...
Entanglement distillation and entanglement cost are fundamental tasks in quantum entanglement theory. This work studies both in the probabilistic setting and focuses on the asymptotic error exponent of probabilistic entanglement distillation when the operational model is $δ$-approximately nonentangling or $δ$-approximately dually...
During inflation long wavelength gravitational waves are produced, which form stochastic background in the present universe with very wide range of frequencies. Higher frequency gravitational waves never experience super-Hubble-radius regime, but they are also amplified after inflation due to the inflaton oscillation. Taking account...
Massive stars are the engines of the Cosmos, shaping their environments and driving galaxy evolution across cosmic time. Yet, this general textbook picture faces many challenges when trying to turn abstract insights into quantitative predictions. Recent discoveries, such the surprisingly high metallicity and early nitrogen enrichment...
The Pulsed Townsend experiment enables the extraction of relevant electron transport properties in different gases such as the electron drift velocity $W$ (or equivalently the mobility $μ$), the longitudinal diffusion coefficient $D_{\mathrm{L}}$, and the effective ionization rate $R_{\mathrm{net}}$ (or equivalently the effective...
Dynamic and stable magnetic textures offer a powerful platform for controlling magnon states in the broader context of spin electronics. In this work, we uncover a novel class of dynamical, crystal-like localization patterns in real space, arising from the hybridization of magnons with topologically non-trivial spin textures that...
Bulk viscosity and thermodynamic variables of a hydrogen-helium cocktail: internal energy, enthalpy, pressure, their derivatives, heat capacities per constant density and pressure are obtained using temperature and density height profiles of the solar atmosphere [Avrett & Loeser, ApJS Vol. 175, 229 (2008)]. The qualitative evaluation...
Construction industries in developing countries face systemic challenges such as chronic project delays, cost overruns, and regulatory inefficiencies. This paper presents a system dynamics (SD) modeling framework for analyzing policy and resource dynamics within the construction sector in Sudan, with broader applicability to Least...
Temporal asymmetry in the flux variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) offers key insights into the physical mechanisms driving AGN variability. In this study, we investigated the variability of the torus by analyzing temporal asymmetry in the mid-infrared (MIR) continuum. We compared ensemble structure functions between the...
Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) are filamentary moisture pathways responsible for a large fraction of extreme precipitation and often occur as interacting filament bundles within the same synoptic regime. Existing diagnostics typically analyze ARs in isolation, despite the frequent coexistence and interaction of multiple filaments. We...
Topological insulators are well-known for their topological edge states, which are protected by the non-trivial bulk topology and characterized by gapless Wannier bands, a phenomenon known as the bulk-boundary correspondence. However, fragile topology challenged this concept, the Wannier bands are gapped, but the edge states still...
Aqueous capillary liquid bridges are ubiquitous in nature and in technological processes. Here, we comparatively investigate capillary bridges formed between three distinct types of surfaces: (i) hydrophilic glass, (ii) hydrophobic dichlorodimethylsilane (DMS)-functionalized glass, and (iii) silicone-oil-infused LIS. We combine...
In aerodynamics, accurately modeling subsonic compressible flow over airfoils is critical for aircraft design. However, solving the governing nonlinear perturbation velocity potential equation presents computational challenges. Traditional approaches often rely on linearized equations or finite, truncated domains, which introduce...
Moiré patterns of twisted and scaled bilayers have recently emerged as a fertile source of quasiperiodic order in two-dimensional materials. Inspired by these systems, we introduce the \emph{near-coincidence method} for generating quasiperiodic tilings of the plane. The method is intuitive -- admitting pairs of nearly coincident...
Composition is a cornerstone of classical differential privacy, enabling strong end-to-end guarantees for complex algorithms through composition theorems (e.g., basic and advanced). In the quantum setting, however, privacy is defined operationally against arbitrary measurements, and classical composition arguments based on scalar...
The KMOC formalism provides a systematic framework for extracting classical observables perturbatively from on-shell scattering amplitudes. In this work, we apply this formalism to compute electromagnetic observables in four dimensions, focusing in particular on the linear memory effect and its tail contributions. Using the leading...
As a strong candidate for new physics beyond the Standard Model, the exotic charged gauge boson $W^{\prime}$ has attracted extensive research interest. In this work we investigate the interactions of the $W^{\prime}$ boson at the electron-proton colliders. The process $e^- u \to ν_e d$ and $e^- u \to e^\pm jjj$ with $t$-channel...
We study the ergodic properties of a unitary Floquet dynamics arising from the repeated application of a translationally-invariant Clifford Quantum Cellular Automata to an infinite system of qubits in d dimensions. One expects that if the QCA does not exhibit any periodicity, a generic initial state of qubits will thermalize, that is,...