arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 22, 2026 — 21:34:25 EST
Zero-shot instrument cloning aims to render an arbitrary [Target MIDI] sequence with the acoustic identity of an unseen instrument given only a short [Reference Audio, Reference MIDI] pair. Existing methods rely on pre-trained embeddings (e.g., CLAP) that compress the reference audio into a fixed-length vector, discarding fine-grained...
Computer use agents (CUAs) are emerging as a powerful interface for automating complex digital workflows through visual perception and GUI execution. Online reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a key direction for scaling their capabilities. However, this paradigm is bottlenecked by verifiable data...
Prediction markets are starting to look less like crowd polls and more like electronic markets. The central question is therefore no longer only whether these markets forecast well, but what happens when institutional liquidity enters: do spreads tighten, does price discovery improve, and do those gains actually reach the traders who...
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly enhances the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to provide accurate and contextually relevant answers by dynamically integrating external databases. However, traditional RAG methods are primarily constrained by their reliance on text-based retrieval strategies, which often...
The rapid expansion of capabilities in Large Language Model (LLM) agents has exposed a critical architectural bottleneck: when agents are given access to a flat, monolithic registry of tools, the model must evaluate hundreds or thousands of options simultaneously. This leads to decision-space explosion, context window saturation, and...
Hallucinations and artificial text in LLM-generated outputs often appear as distributional deviations between prompt and response hidden-state distributions. Since prompts or retrieved contexts typically serve as reference samples and responses as query samples, with major differences in length, these asymmetries motivate the use of...
Synthetic sequential tabular data are increasingly used for privacy-preserving data sharing, yet a generator can reproduce every marginal and every foreign-key relationship while emitting timestamps that run backwards or repeat, and while sending entities along paths that no real entity followed. Conventional tabular evaluation, which...
Binary Iterative Hard Thresholding (BIHT) is a simple, yet effective, greedy method for recovering a sparse vector from one-bit sign measurements. In its original form, BIHT performs a ``gradient-descent'' step, followed by hard thresholding. A convergence analysis of this algorithm was left open in the introductory work of [Jac+11]...
Score-based generative models exhibit a puzzling behavior: they often appear to cover all modes of a target multimodal distribution and yet may fail to learn the correct relative mode amplitudes, which can be interpreted as mixture weights. We resolve this apparent paradox by relating the diffusion score matching (DSM) loss to the...
Residential short-term load forecasting (STLF) is challenging because household demand is heterogeneous, temporally variable, and shaped by diverse behavioural routines. This work investigates whether inferred behavioural structure can be embedded within the forecasting mechanism of a Neural Process-based probabilistic model, rather...
Human vision is a closed loop: gaze is continuously redirected by intermediate hypotheses rather than a single snapshot. Decades of psychophysics and cognitive science have argued that this active observation is essential for a wide range of tasks. Whether today's multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exercise active observation is...
Job throughput maximization is the central maximization problem in scheduling. Interval scheduling is the special case of throughput maximization when jobs are intervals and therefore there is no slack available in which to schedule a job. It is interesting to know to what extent results for interval scheduling can be extended to the...
Modern GPU-accelerator platforms rely on multi-layer self-healing pipelines that span hardware, firmware, management software, and orchestration. When faults propagate across layer boundaries, they can bypass detection, corrupt diagnosis, or trigger conflicting remediations--yet conventional fault-injection campaigns test each layer...
Vision and touch are complementary modalities essential for robotic perception and manipulation. While vision provides global object context, touch offers precise local information at contact points. Integrating these modalities for contact localization, i.e., predicting the location of touch on an object's surface, poses significant...
This paper presents a new implementation of the NeoSLAM algorithm. The proposed version is a complete rewrite of NeoSLAM into a modular architecture using modern frameworks that, together, enable real-time execution with minimal discarding of input data. This work also provides a comparative evaluation between NeoSLAM and RatSLAM...
Improved Kernel Partial Least Squares (IKPLS) algorithms 1 and 2 are among the fastest PLS calibration algorithms. This article focuses on two shared steps, the computation of the $\mathbf{X}$ rotations, $\mathbf{R}$, and the $\mathbf{Y}$ loadings, $\mathbf{Q}$, and accelerates both. For $\mathbf{R}$, term-by-term accumulation is...
Computing a minimum-weight perfect matching for a point set $P$ in Euclidean space is a classic geometric optimization problem. We consider the problem in a dynamic setting, where pairs of points may be added to or removed from the set $P$. Our focus is on maintaining an approximately optimal solution without making too many changes...
Urban intersections are among the most hazardous locations in road networks, posing significant risks to vehicles and vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians and cyclists. The complexity of multi-agent interactions demands continuous, real-time monitoring systems capable of anticipating conflicts before they escalate into...
Reliable roadside perception of vulnerable road users (VRUs) remains challenging under occlusions, variable lighting, and diverse weather conditions, particularly under strict edge-computing and latency constraints. Existing multi-sensor fusion systems rely on cloud or server-grade infrastructure, creating a deployment gap at...
AI governance increasingly requires judgments about whether an AI system remains adequately trustworthy over time, whether observed changes are tolerable, and how such judgments should be documented in a transparent and contestable way. Yet existing work on AI trustworthiness remains either too high-level to support lifecycle...
Optimizing energy systems is a crucial step toward achieving a carbon-neutral future, with software tools playing a major role in the process. However, selecting the most suitable tool for specific optimization challenges can be complex, given the diverse objectives and requirements of various energy systems. In this study, we aim to...
Increasingly, speech and language processing tasks take either audio or text directly rather than extracting features from these as the input to the classifier or regressor. Often these systems make use of complex, for example transformer-based, processes that have the ability to derive highly non-linear mappings between the input and...
Precipitation nowcasting over the immediate 10-90 min period is important for flood management and real-time decision-making in urban regions. Conventional short-range forecasting with high-resolution numerical weather prediction requires frequent data assimilation, model initialization, and spin-up, introducing computational latency....
This work demonstrates experimentally the existence of a hexarotor prototype, termed Opti-Hexa, that simultaneously achieves practical resilience to single-propeller failures and energy efficiency comparable to a standard Star-shaped prototype with the same size, weight, hardware and software. Leveraging a novel open-source morphing...
A 140-GHz transmitter with direct raised-cosine-like envelope shaping and wide-range phase tuning is presented in 90-nm SiGe BiCMOS. The proposed architecture relaxes conventional baseband pulse shaping and high-speed digital-to-analog converters by directly synthesizing 3-level and 5-level RF envelope states that approximate a...