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arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through July 20, 2026 — 10:44:54 EST

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Posted in astro-ph.EP · 2026-01-20 · Matthias Y. He, Eric B. Ford

Architectures of Exoplanetary Systems. IV: A Multi-planet Model for Reproducing the Radius Valley and Intra-system Size Similarity of Planets around Kepler's FGK Dwarfs

The Kepler-observed distribution of planet sizes have revealed two distinct patterns: (1) a radius valley separating super-Earths and sub-Neptunes and (2) a preference for intra-system size similarity. We present a new model for the exoplanet population observed by Kepler, which is a "hybrid" of a clustered multi-planet model in which...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13480v1PDF
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Posted in cs.HC · 2026-01-20 · Thitaree Tanprasert, Young-ho Kim, Sidney Fels, Dongwook Yoon

Exploring Learners' Expectations and Engagement When Collaborating with Constructively Controversial Peer Agents

Peer agents can supplement real-time collaborative learning in asynchronous online courses. Constructive Controversy (CC) theory suggests that humans deepen their understanding of a topic by confronting and resolving controversies. This study explores whether CC's benefits apply to LLM-based peer agents, focusing on the impact of...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13479v1PDF
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Posted in physics.class-ph · 2026-01-20 · Satoshi Takada, Yosuke Mori, Shintaro Hokada

Inverse Reconstruction of Moving Contact Loads on an Elastic Half-Space Using Prescribed Surface Displacement

This study investigates the elastic response of a two-dimensional semi-infinite medium subjected to a moving surface load with a prescribed displacement profile. As a fundamental step, we derive analytical Green's functions for the displacement and stress fields generated by a point load traveling at a constant velocity along the...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13478v2PDF
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Posted in cs.IT · 2026-01-20 · Zhihao Guan, Hengjia Wei

Elias-type Bounds for Codes in the Symmetric Limited-Magnitude Error Channel

We study perfect error-correcting codes in $\mathbb{Z}^n$ for the symmetric limited-magnitude error channel, where at most $e$ coordinates of an integer vector may be altered by a value whose magnitude is at most $s$. Geometrically, such codes correspond to tilings of $\mathbb{Z}^n$ by the symmetric limited-magnitude error ball...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13477v1PDF
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Posted in cs.LG · 2026-01-20 · Jinhao Li, Hao Wang

A Unified Variational Imputation Framework for Electric Vehicle Charging Data Using Retrieval-Augmented Language Model

The reliability of data-driven applications in electric vehicle (EV) infrastructure, such as charging demand forecasting, hinges on the availability of complete, high-quality charging data. However, real-world EV datasets are often plagued by missing records, and existing imputation methods are ill-equipped for the complex, multimodal...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13476v1PDF
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Posted in cs.LG · 2026-01-20 · Jianhao Ma, Yu Huang, Yuejie Chi, Yuxin Chen

Preconditioning Benefits of Spectral Orthogonalization in Muon

The Muon optimizer, a matrix-structured algorithm that leverages spectral orthogonalization of gradients, is a milestone in the pretraining of large language models. However, the underlying mechanisms of Muon -- particularly the role of gradient orthogonalization -- remain poorly understood, with very few works providing end-to-end...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13474v1PDF
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Posted in astro-ph.GA · 2026-01-20 · A. Koley, A. M. Stutz, A. Lazarian, Y. Hu, P. Sanhueza, P. Saha, R. H. Alvarez-Gutierrez, N. S. Sandoval-Garrido, N. Castro-Toledo, G. Bernal Mesina

Magnetic field morphological diagnostics with ALMA in the G327.29 protocluster: VGT versus dust polarization

Magnetic fields and turbulence may play a key role in the evolution of protoclusters, influencing the formation of dense cores and stars. Here, we examine the morphology of the magnetic fields in the G327.29 protocluster using both the velocity gradient technique (VGT) extracted from molecular line emissions and linear polarization in...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13473v1PDF
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Posted in cs.CV · 2026-01-20 · Aahana Basappa, Pranay Goel, Anusri Karra, Anish Karra, Asa Gilmore, Kevin Zhu

AMVICC: A Novel Benchmark for Cross-Modal Failure Mode Profiling for VLMs and IGMs

We investigate visual reasoning limitations of both multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and image generation models (IGMs) by creating a novel benchmark to systematically compare failure modes across image-to-text and text-to-image tasks, enabling cross-modal evaluation of visual understanding. Despite rapid growth in machine...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.17037v2PDF
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Posted in cond-mat.stat-mech · 2026-01-20 · Yagmur Kati, Aleksandra Maluckov, Ana Mancic, Panayotis Kevrekidis

On Thermalization in A Nonlinear Variant of the Discrete NLS Equation

We study the thermalization properties of a fully nonlinear lattice model originally derived from the two-dimensional cubic defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) using analytical and numerical methods. Our analysis reveals both ergodic and nonergodic regimes; importantly, we find broad parameter ranges where the dynamics is...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13472v2PDF
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Posted in physics.soc-ph · 2026-01-20 · Li Tuobang

The Maintenance and Necessity of Universal Rules: Scale, Hierarchy, the Cost of Justice, and Civilizational Development

Building upon previous research, this paper further explores the topological foundations for maintaining universal rules within ultra-large-scale societies. It finds that in small-scale societies, absolute egalitarianism and the rule of law can be compatible through peer monitoring within a fully connected network. However, in...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.14325v2PDF
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Posted in cs.CL · 2026-01-20 · Rishit Chugh

RECAP: A Resource-Efficient Method for Adversarial Prompting in Large Language Models

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) has raised security concerns due to their susceptibility to producing harmful or policy-violating outputs when exposed to adversarial prompts. While alignment and guardrails mitigate common misuse, they remain vulnerable to automated jailbreaking methods such as GCG, PEZ, and GBDA, which...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.15331v1PDF
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Posted in cs.OS · 2026-01-20 · Jing Zou, Shangyu Wu, Hancong Duan, Qiao Li, Chun Jason Xue

ContiguousKV: Accelerating LLM Prefill with Granularity-Aligned KV Cache Management

Efficiently serving Large Language Models (LLMs) with persistent Prefix Key-Value (KV) Cache is critical for applications like conversational search and multi-turn dialogue. Serving a request requires loading the pre-computed prefix KV cache and generating the first token, defined as the Re-Prefill Phase. Offloading this shared prefix...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13631v1PDF
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Posted in cs.CL · 2026-01-20 · Zhaopeng Zhang, Pengcheng Sun, Lan Zhang, Chen Tang, Jiewei Lai, Yunhao Wang, Hui Jin

Activation-Space Anchored Access Control for Multi-Class Permission Reasoning in Large Language Models

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed over knowledge bases for efficient knowledge retrieval and question answering. However, LLMs can inadvertently answer beyond a user's permission scope, leaking sensitive content, thus making it difficult to deploy knowledge-base QA under fine-grained access control requirements....

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13630v1PDF
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Posted in eess.AS · 2026-01-20 · Ziqian Wang, Xianjun Xia, Chuanzeng Huang, Lei Xie

S$^2$Voice: Style-Aware Autoregressive Modeling with Enhanced Conditioning for Singing Style Conversion

We present S$^2$Voice, the winning system of the Singing Voice Conversion Challenge (SVCC) 2025 for both the in-domain and zero-shot singing style conversion tracks. Built on the strong two-stage Vevo baseline, S$^2$Voice advances style control and robustness through several contributions. First, we integrate style embeddings into the...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13629v1PDF
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Posted in cs.AR · 2026-01-20 · Yue Jiet Chong, Yimin Wang, Zhen Wu, Xuanyao Fong

PRIMAL: Processing-In-Memory Based Low-Rank Adaptation for LLM Inference Accelerator

This paper presents PRIMAL, a processing-in-memory (PIM) based large language model (LLM) inference accelerator with low-rank adaptation (LoRA). PRIMAL integrates heterogeneous PIM processing elements (PEs), interconnected by 2D-mesh inter-PE computational network (IPCN). A novel SRAM reprogramming and power gating (SRPG) scheme...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13628v1PDF
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Posted in stat.AP · 2026-01-20 · Zhanshuo Ye, Yiming Hou, Rui Pan, Tianchen Gao, Hansheng Wang

Are Large Language Models able to Predict Highly Cited Papers? Evidence from Statistical Publications

Predicting highly-cited papers is a long-standing challenge due to the complex interactions of research content, scholarly communities, and temporal dynamics. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) raise the question of whether early-stage textual information can provide useful signals of long-term scientific impact. Focusing...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13627v1PDF
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Posted in math.NT · 2026-01-20 · Takashi Hara, Kenji Sakugawa, Koji Tasaka

Symmetric multiple Eisenstein series

In this paper, we introduce the symmetric multiple Eisenstein series, a variant of the multiple Eisenstein series. As a fundamental result, we show that they satisfy the linear shuffle relation. As a case study, we investigate the vector space spanned by symmetric double Eisenstein series of weight $k$. When $k$ is even, it coincides...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13626v1PDF
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Posted in math.NT · 2026-01-20 · Zhenghui Li, Benchao Su, Zhixiang Wu

Locally analytic vectors in the completed cohomology of quaternionic Shimura curves

We use the methods introduced by Lue Pan to study the locally analytic vectors of the completed cohomology of Shimura curves associated to an indefinite quaternion algebra $D$ which is ramified at a prime number $p$. Let $D_p^{\times}$ be the group of units of $D$ at $p$. Using $p$-adic uniformization of the quaternionic Shimura...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13625v1PDF
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Posted in astro-ph.CO · 2026-01-20 · Lu Yin, Guo-Hong Du, Tian-Nuo Li, Xin Zhang

Joint constraints on cosmic birefringence and early dark energy from ACT, Planck, DESI, and PantheonPlus

With the increasing number of high-precision astronomical observations, physical quantities that were previously inaccessible to accurate calculations, such as cosmic birefringence, have once again become a focal point of interest. Such phenomena induce a nonvanishing cross-correlation between the $E$- and $B$-mode polarizations of...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13624v1PDF
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Posted in physics.optics · 2026-01-20 · Shan-shan Chang, Daxing Xiong, Ze-huan Zheng, Li-Wei Wang, Yan-qing Lu, Lu-Jian Chen, Jian-Hua Jiang, Jin-hui Chen

Programmable branched flow of light

We demonstrate deterministic control of branched flow of light using anisotropic nematic liquid crystals. By sculpting the director field via photoalignment, we create spatially programmable optical potentials that govern light scattering and propagation. This platform enables configurable, anisotropic branched flow of light and...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13623v1PDF
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Posted in cs.LG · 2026-01-20 · Zizheng Zhang, Yuyang Liao, Chen Chen, Jian He, Dun Wu, Qianjin Yu, Yanqin Gao, Jin Yang, Kailai Zhang, Eng Siong Chng, Xionghu Zhong

TextBFGS: A Case-Based Reasoning Approach to Code Optimization via Error-Operator Retrieval

Iterative code generation with Large Language Models (LLMs) can be viewed as an optimization process guided by textual feedback. However, existing LLM self-correction methods predominantly operate in a stateless, trial-and-error manner akin to first-order search, failing to leverage past problem-solving experiences. To bridge this...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2602.00059v2PDF
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Posted in cs.CV · 2026-01-20 · Donghee Lee, Rui Cai, Zhe Zhao

CARPE: Context-Aware Image Representation Prioritization via Ensemble for Large Vision-Language Models

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) are typically trained using autoregressive language modeling objectives, which align visual representations with linguistic space. While effective for multimodal reasoning, this alignment can weaken vision-centric capabilities, causing LVLMs to underperform their base vision encoders on tasks such...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13622v3PDF
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Posted in gr-qc · 2026-01-20 · Siyuan Chen, Karan Jani, Thomas W. Kephart

Cosmological Budget of Entropy from Merging Black Holes

Black holes contain more entropy than any other component of the observable universe. Gravitational-wave observations from LIGO and Virgo have shown evidence of a previously unknown black hole mass range, which provides new information to update the entropy budget. Increases in entropy due to binary black hole mergers, as implied in...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13621v1PDF
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Posted in cond-mat.mes-hall · 2026-01-20 · A. Nakamura, Y. Chiashi, T. Shimojima, Y. Tanaka, S. Akatsuka, M. Sakano, S. Masubuchi, T. Machida, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, K. Ishizaka

Layer Decoupling in Twisted Bilayer WSe$_2$ Uncovered by Automated Dark-Field Tomography

Twisted bilayer systems host a wealth of emergent phenomena, such as flat-band superconductivity, ferromagnetism, and ferroelectricity, arising from moiré superlattices and unconventional interlayer coupling. Despite their central role, direct and quantitative access to the out-of-plane atomic structure in these systems has remained...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2601.13620v1PDF