arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 21, 2026 — 16:46:49 EST
When forecasting a firm's future financial performance, alternative data - data collected from non-traditional sources such as consumer transactions, web traffic, and prediction markets - can provide timely signals about firms' operating activities and broader market conditions. These signals may reveal information that is not...
Identifiability of tensor decompositions is often established through linear-algebraic conditions on the factor families. For nonnegative decompositions, however, positivity provides additional information that is not captured by dimension and independence alone: nonnegative terms cannot cancel, and their supports constrain competing...
Gait recognition is commonly studied using RGB videos or their derived silhouettes and poses. Yet human walking produces heterogeneous photometric, geometric, and motion cues that cannot be systematically examined with RGB-centered benchmarks. We present MMGait, a large-scale multi-sensor benchmark that brings visible, infrared,...
A rotation system on $n$ elements assigns to each element a cyclic order of the other $n-1$ elements. A four-element subset is non-planar if its induced rotation system cannot be realized by a crossing-free drawing of $K_4$. As a combinatorial strengthening of Hill's conjecture on the crossing number of the complete graph, Archdeacon...
AI agents increasingly propose actions with external consequences, including financial transfers, infrastructure changes, software deployments, disclosures, and physical actuation. Authorization engines, policy languages, runtime monitors, provenance mechanisms, and agent guardrails provide important foundations, but do not...
Crash-severity models inform screening, dispatch and site prioritization, yet are deployed without a finite-sample statement of what one prediction means. Off-the-shelf guarantees fail here, because the features that make crash severity distinctive defeat them: the KABCO outcome is ordinal, the recorded label is a field assessment...
We propose CHERI-D Reincarnate (Reinc), an architectural extension to CHERI for scalable and efficient temporal memory safety. Prior work CHERI-D has a finite-width generation ID stored at a fixed location, requiring an object to be quarantined when its ID is exhausted. Reinc further provides use-after-free mitigation while permitting...
In quantum physics it is commonplace to model the interaction of remote systems with a many-body Hamiltonian. Taking such an action-at-a-distance description {\it à la lettre} leads to various paradoxes related to faster-than-light communication and apparent inconsistencies in local energy accounting. It also neglects residual...
The nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the most enduring open questions in modern physics, and muonphilic DM has emerged as a promising scenario that complements traditional DM candidates. Following the recently established cosmic-ray muon scattering approach, we investigate the sensitivity for probing slow muonphilic DM with...
Multi-threshold (MT) sampling records crossing times at selected thresholds for parameter estimation and waveform reconstruction. For suitable high-speed signals, it can reduce data volume, hardware cost, and power consumption compared with high-rate uniform time-domain sampling. Applications in nuclear science include positron...
Beginning in March 2026, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) conducted a two-month observing campaign aimed at obtaining the first time-resolved sequence of images of the black hole M87* at the center of the Virgo A galaxy. The primary scientific objectives of this campaign are to constrain the black hole spin and to investigate the...
We present the design and performance characterization of the digital backend and precision-timing system for the Balloon-borne Very Long Baseline Interferometry Experiment (BVEX), a pathfinder for high-frequency stratospheric VLBI at 22 GHz. The backend uses one of the four 14-bit analog-to-digital converter inputs on an AMD-Xilinx...
We discuss a new family of publicly available collinear fragmentation functions (FFs) for pseudoscalar quarkonia, the NRFF1.0 set. It builds upon the Heavy-Flavor Non-Relativistic evolution (HF-NRevo) scheme, designed to describe heavy-hadron formation through leading-power fragmentation at moderate and large transverse momentum....
We study a random Schrödinger operator with a potential distributed according to a Poisson process. Asymptotic expansions for traces of resolvents in the limit of small disorder are derived. Explicit estimates for the expansion coefficients are given and we show that their infinite volume limits are finite as the spectral parameter...
Water dissociation at solid surfaces underpins processes ranging from corrosion and catalysis to electrochemistry and photovoltaics. Defects often serve as reactive sites for dissociation, yet how solvation influences water dissociation at such sites remains poorly understood. Here, we use state-of-the-art machine-learned interatomic...
The LZ experiment has recently reported an observation of a single event with characteristics of a nuclear recoil at a high recoil energy of 248 keV, where no background events are expected. We show that such nuclear recoil event could be caused by high velocity dark matter particles originating from interactions with energetic cosmic...
We propose an autonomous quantum-battery protocol based on dissipatively selected quantum many-body scars. Using an embedding-type spin chain with an exact scar tower and a generalized interacting $J_1$--$J_2$ chain, we show that engineered local bond dissipation can drive the system from a passive state into a high-energy...
The MICADO instrument for the ESO ELT will provide Adaptive Optics (AO) diffraction-limited NIR imaging and spectroscopy. A critical component of MICADO is the Point Spread Function Reconstruction (PSF-R) Software, which is designed to perform a blind reconstruction of the PSF for all observations using AO telemetry data only, both...
MICADO, one of the ELT first-light instruments, will rely on point-spread-function reconstruction (PSF-R) to meet scientific requirements, especially for SCAO observations of targets that lack bright reference stars nearby. PSF-R will be performed in post-processing using only AO telemetry, recorded simultaneously with the science...
We study itinerant hole doping of the spin-$1$ Haldane symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase in two $t$--$J$ chains coupled by ferromagnetic (FM) Hund exchange. Density-matrix renormalization group calculations show that string order, a finite spin gap, and the Haldane entanglement structure coexist over a broad doping range....
We consider deep-water surface gravity waves propagating above a background flow whose spatial scale is comparable to the wavelength, focusing on the regime where the flow is slow compared to the group velocity of the waves. We introduce an "equivalent solvability condition" method to construct reduced equations, demanding that, upon...
We prove, with the aid of AI, that for every real symmetric forcing matrix $Q\succeq0$, the unique solution of a continuous-time Lyapunov equation is entrywise nonnegative whenever the state matrix is a real Hurwitz companion matrix. This proves an earlier conjecture. The proof makes no assumption on the spectrum of the state matrix,...
Accurate identification of end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES) in echocardiography underpins the quantification of ventricular function, yet manual selection of these key frames is subjective and introduces clinically significant inter-operator variability. Recent self-supervised methods either prescribe strict periodic...
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) computing is transforming data centers into large, dynamic electrical loads. Their deployment is primarily constrained by energy availability and grid-connection capacity, which is further aggravated by the ability of power-delivery architectures, control systems, and computing...
Multivariate time series imputation (MTSI) aims to recover missing values in temporal data composed of multiple interdependent variables. This problem is central to real-world applications such as healthcare monitoring, traffic networks, and energy systems. Recent diffusion-based approaches have shown strong potential for...