arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 30, 2026 — 08:57:58 EST
In causal machine learning, the fitting and evaluation of nuisance models are often performed on separate partitions, or folds, of the observed data. This technique, called cross-fitting, eliminates bias introduced by the use of black-box predictive algorithms. When study units may be correlated, such as in spatial, clustered, or...
A growing share of the existing real estate stock exhibits persistent underperformance that can no longer be explained by cyclical market phases or inadequate maintenance alone. In many cases, technically recoverable assets located in non-marginal contexts fail to generate economic value consistent with the capital immobilized. This...
Attosecond X-ray pulse generation in modern X-ray free-electron lasers relies on strongly compressed, precisely tailored electron bunches, making accurate diagnostics and control of the longitudinal phase space (LPS) essential. In the self-chirping scheme, collective effects in the linac generate a strong energy chirp that is...
We systematically investigate semiclassical dynamics of the optical field produced by quantum nanoemitters (NEs) embedded in a periodic lattice of conducting nanorings (NRs), in which plasmon polaritons (PPs) are excited. The coupling between PPs and NEs through the radiated optical field leads to establishment of a significant...
LLMs are increasingly used as third-party judges, yet their reliability when evaluating speakers in dialogue remains poorly understood. We show that LLMs judge identical claims differently depending on framing: the same content receives different verdicts when presented as a statement to verify ("Is this statement correct?") versus...
In this paper, we give a uniform upper bound on the rational points of bounded height provided by conics in a cubic surface. For this target, we give a generalized version of the global determinant method of Salberger by Arakelov geometry.
Recently, in the context of walks of hexagonal circle packings, interest has emerged in the family of skew Dyck paths with two variants of down-steps. These paths have steps $U, D_g, D_b, L=D_r$. Using generating functions, the kernel method and (in)finite linear systems, contributions to the (average) height and other enumerations...
The Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) is a collaborative initiative that deploys a network of low-cost, autonomous Water Cherenkov Detectors across Latin America and Spain. Initially focused on detecting gamma-ray bursts at high-altitude sites, LAGO has evolved into a multidisciplinary forum for astroparticle physics, space...
Control of collective spin excitations by static or dynamic strain is an emerging phenomenon that requires in-depth understanding for design of future spin-wave-regulated devices. Here, we explore mutually interacting spin waves and acoustic wave modes in addition to few non-interactive modes through all optical excitation in ordered...
The rapid growth of radio access networks (RANs) is increasing energy consumption and challenging the sustainability of future systems. We consider a dense-urban vertical heterogeneous network (vHetNet) comprising a high-altitude platform station (HAPS) acting as a super macro base station, a terrestrial macro base station (MBS), and...
The growing complexity and information content of data, together with the need to understand both the complex structures, relationships, and phenomena present in these data spaces, compounded with the emerging need to understand the results produced by AI tools used to analyze the data, requires development of novel, effective data...
The recently established spectral Favard theorem for bounded banded matrices admitting a positive bidiagonal factorization is applied to a broader class of Markov chains with bounded banded transition matrices, extending beyond the classical birth-and-death setting, to those that allow a positive stochastic bidiagonal factorization....
In this work we report a new and simple method that combines the pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) and the Sol-Gel techniques to obtain nanocomposite glasses and gelatins. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are generated by PLAL using the corresponding target. The target is submerged in a transparent liquid solution made previously...
The cross-ratio degree problem asks for the number of configurations of $n$ points in $\mathbb{P}^1$ that satisfy $n-3$ specified cross-ratio conditions. It is known that the maximal cross-ratio degree for 8 points is at least 4. In this paper, we will see that the maximal cross-ratio degree for 8 points in $\mathbb{P}^1$ is equal to 4.
We propose a structure-preserving scheme for a hybrid model that couples the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation of superconducting vortex dynamics and the nonlinear Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) gap equation. This formulation is consistent with the classical TDGL equation in the near-critical temperature, while extending...
We construct a group associated to a class of Borcherds algebras that admit a direct sum decomposition into a Kac--Moody (or semi-simple) subalgebra and a pair of free Lie subalgebras. Such Borcherds algebras have no mutually orthogonal imaginary simple roots.Our group is a semi-direct product of a Kac--Moody (or semi-simple) group...
We propose a methodology to infer collision operators from phase space data of plasma dynamics. Our approach combines a differentiable kinetic simulator, whose core component in this work is a differentiable Fokker-Planck solver, with a gradient-based optimisation method to learn the collisional operators that best describe the phase...
'Closeness' is well-defined as a quantitative measure of centrality in social network analysis (SNA), but it is not as well defined qualitatively as a description of social relationships. This paper presents a qualitative analysis of 'closeness' as it is defined both implicitly and explicitly in interviews with 100 women and/or LGBTQ+...
Hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HCPCF) have experienced tremendous advancements recently, leading to remarkable demonstrations of transmission loss reduction and deeper understanding of their guidance fundamentals. Indeed, this progress has entailed investigations into various HCPCF designs, allowing for attaining diverse...
Post-training quantization (PTQ) methods for large language models rely on heuristics that implicitly estimate which weight channels most strongly influence model behavior. Two dominant paradigms have emerged: activation-aware methods such as AWQ prioritize channels with large activation magnitudes, while second-order methods such as...
In the spanning-tree congestion problem ($\mathsf{STC}$), we are given a graph $G$, and the objective is to compute a spanning tree of $G$ that minimizes the maximum edge congestion. While $\mathsf{STC}$ is known to be $\mathbb{NP}$-hard, even for some restricted graph classes, several key questions regarding its computational...
Detecting vulnerable road users (VRUs), particularly children and adolescents, in low light and adverse weather conditions remains a critical challenge in computer vision, surveillance, and autonomous vehicle systems. This paper presents a purpose-built lightweight object detection model designed to identify young pedestrians in...
Promptable segmentation foundation models such as SAM3 have demonstrated strong generalization capabilities through interactive and concept-based prompting. However, their direct applicability to medical image segmentation remains limited by severe domain shifts, the absence of privileged spatial prompts, and the need to reason over...
CosmicWatch-based muon detectors are inexpensive, handheld, battery-powered, portable instruments designed to measure the flux of secondary muons produced when primary cosmic rays continuously strike the Earth's atmosphere. As these muons pass through the detector, plastic scintillators generate light, which is collected by silicon...
Near-infrared (NIR) detectors -- which use non-destructive readouts to measure time-series counts-per-pixel -- play a crucial role in modern astrophysics. Standard NIR flux extraction techniques were developed for space-based observations and assume that source fluxes are constant over an observation. However, ground-based telescopes...