arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 21, 2026 — 12:05:21 EST
Active disordered solids including dense human crowds and epithelial cells under confinement exhibit striking system-scale oscillatory spatiotemporal patterns. These are linked to a local feedback mechanism, self-alignment, that aligns the direction of a particle's motility vector to the total force. Simulations and experiments of...
Surface modification is an important strategy for tailoring the physical and chemical properties of materials for advanced technological applications. In thin films, changes in surface structure, roughness, and composition can strongly influence their functional behavior. In this work, we studied the effect of N+-ion irradiation at 20...
Ultrafast creation and manipulation of topologically non-trivial spin objects promises significant potential for spintronic applications. Here, we demonstrate laser-induced nucleation of skyrmions and antiskyrmions with topological charge up to $|Q|=3$ from the saturated magnetization state of a Co/Ni-multilayer which does not...
In this work, we investigate the nature of gravitational instability of small-scale perturbation modes during the early nonstationary stages of the evolution of disk-like galaxies. To this end, we study the gravitational instability of small-scale horizontal perturbation modes, such as $(m;N) = (12;20)$, $(14;20)$, $(16;20)$, and...
We introduce an on-lattice minimal model of two-dimensional melting, a clock model with vacancies with control parameters temperature, chemical potential and external field. We study the full phase diagram using cluster Monte Carlo, Tensor Network Renormalisation Group and selfconsistent mean field methods. A non-universal ensemble of...
Signatures of a material object's broken inversion symmetry within its intrinsic excitations and associated optical fields have evaded characterization from a perspective that evenly accounts for the inseparability between matter and field. Here, we formulate a complex-valued pseudoscalar chirality metric that is derived from the...
Error detection can suppress noise at a lower sampling cost than probabilistic error cancellation (PEC), but leaves residual logical errors. We combine the two approaches to mitigate these errors while lowering the cost of PEC. We introduce a spacetime Pauli-Lindblad representation and use it to construct the post-selected logical...
The orbiter of the Chandrayaan-3 mission of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) carries an experimental payload called SHAPE (Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth). This payload makes disc-integrated observations of Earth as an exoplanet, from the Moon as well as from the high altitude Earth orbit. The instrument...
Magic, or nonstabilizerness, is the resource that promotes stabilizer operations to universal quantum computation. For bipartite pure states, its component intrinsic to the correlations between the subsystems, the nonlocal magic, is obtained by minimizing a magic measure over local unitaries. For the stabilizer Rényi entropy (SRE),...
We investigate the thermodynamic and topological phase structure of charged AdS black holes with a nonminimal gauge--curvature coupling in the grand canonical ensemble. Working perturbatively in the nonminimal coupling, we find a rich phase structure as the electric potential is varied, including several distinct regimes of critical...
The solution of nonlinear partial differential equations constitutes an important application domain for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs). In this work, we extend the application of VQAs to plasma physics by solving the two-dimensional Grad-Shafranov equation, which describes the equilibrium state of a plasma fluid within the...
We investigate the interference of a heavy radion with the QCD continuum in top-quark-pair production at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, restricting the numerical study to the pure-radion limit $ξ=0$. The gluon-fusion amplitude combines the QCD trace anomaly with the exact finite-top-mass loop form factor, whose coherent...
We present a unified frozen natural orbital (FNO) framework for periodic Gaussian-orbital post-Hartree-Fock calculations with explicit k-point sampling. The approach includes conventional ground-state FNOs together with state-specific (SS-FNO) and state-averaged (SA-FNO) variants constructed from perturbative one-particle density...
Part-aware 3D asset generation enables applications such as editing, articulation, simulation, and fabrication, yet existing methods can generate visually complete individual parts without ensuring that they form a valid physical assembly. Consequently, generated neighboring parts may interpenetrate, lack valid connections, or...
Given a graph $F$, a family $\mathcal F$ of graphs on $[n]$ is \emph{$F$-intersecting} if $G\cap H$ contains a copy of $F$ for every $G,H\in\mathcal F$. We prove that there exists an absolute constant $\varepsilon>0$ such that every $P_4$-intersecting family $\mathcal F$ satisfies $|\mathcal...
Compositional generalisation has been divided into lexical and structural generalisation. Previous work has found that structural generalisation is harder than lexical for Transformers. We propose that this difference is not inherent to Transformers, but due to the high diversity of lexical types and low diversity of structural types...
In epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials, the vanishing real linear permittivity results in the leading-order contribution to the displacement field being nonlinear in the electric field, making conventional canonical quantization approaches highly non-trivial. Existing treatments generally quantize the linear modes first and introduce...
We solve Serre's problem on the specialisation of Brauer group elements in all cases where the number of variables is sufficiently large.
Post-training attention sparsification reduces the quadratic cumulative attention cost of pretrained Transformers by selecting a small set of context units (tokens or blocks) for each query. Existing trainable methods usually use a lightweight selector to score context units, followed by hard Top-K selection that blocks gradients from...
We study the implications of a recent measurement of the primordial helium fraction from the Large Binocular Telescope for cosmological inference from the cosmic microwave background. We show that LBT establishes the robustness of cosmological parameters to theoretical assumptions about big bang nucleosynthesis: its empirical...
Screened hybrid functionals such as HSE06 improve the description of band gaps, charge localization, and redox energetics relative to semilocal approximations, but their explicit Hartree-Fock exchange term is computationally costly for large, periodic systems, especially in plane-wave basis set calculations. Here we present RS-CIDER,...
We introduce a new family of trickledown theorems, a.k.a., local to global technique to bound the spectral gap of the Glauber dynamics for multi-state spin systems. In this technique instead of upper-bounding the influence matrix of a link of co-dimension 2 by $λI$ (where $λ$ is the second eigenvalue of the link), we upper-bound the...
In the gauge/gravity framework flavor degrees of freedom are introduced to the gauge theory side through the insertion of probe flavor $D$ branes in the supergravity background. Scalar, vector or spinor fluctuations on theses flavor branes perceive neither the background supergravity metric nor the worldvolume-induced metric of the...
AI agents can automate tasks by turning a single natural-language request into a multi-step process spanning tools, files, and applications. Users are often left to judge that process from fragmented execution information and the final output. To make the completed process easier to understand, validate, and reuse, we investigate...
We present an approach to progressively extend the highlights of an image. Instead of reconstructing the full dynamic range of a complex scene directly, we learn a simpler task first: We extend the dynamic range of an input image by a single exposure value. Once this is mastered, we retrieve the full HDR image for the scene by...