arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through July 28, 2026 — 02:19:05 EST
Social media platforms regularly track, aggregate, and monetize adolescents' data, yet provide them with little visibility or agency over how algorithms construct their digital identities and make inferences about them. We introduce Algorithmic Mirror, an interactive visualization tool that transforms opaque profiling practices into...
We present direct experimental evidence of a weakly coupled multiband superconducting state in the bilayer iron-based superconductor ACa$_2$Fe$_4$As$_4$F$_2$ (A = K, Cs) via ultrahigh-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Remarkably, the K-containing compound exhibits two distinct transition temperatures,...
Cu$_2$IrO$_3$ is a honeycomb iridate which has been studied recently as a candidate Kitaev quantum spin liquid. Its magnetic ground state however, has been reported to be quantum disordered, spin glassy, or magnetically ordered depending on synthesis details. We have prepared a Cu$_2$IrO$_3$ sample with large antisite disorder and...
For more than 20 years, optical microresonators have served as the backbone of integrated nonlinear photonics, exploiting Kerr nonlinearity to generate octave-spanning frequency combs, enable quantum effects, and drive optical parametric oscillators. Since the inception of microresonator-based nonlinear optics, related studies have...
In this paper, we present a new dynamic collaborative network for semi-supervised 3D vessel segmentation, termed DiCo. Conventional mean teacher (MT) methods typically employ a static approach, where the roles of the teacher and student models are fixed. However, due to the complexity of 3D vessel data, the teacher model may not...
We introduce \textsc{OpenTinker}, an open infrastructure for training large language model (LLM) agents with many LoRA-backed policies over shared execution resources. Modern agent workloads mix supervised fine-tuning (SFT), online reinforcement learning (RL), rollout generation, validation, and multi-turn environment interaction. In...
The evaluation of navigation instructions remains a persistent challenge in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) research. Traditional reference-based metrics such as BLEU and ROUGE fail to capture the functional utility of spatial directives, specifically whether an instruction successfully guides a navigator to the intended...
Recent JWST observations have revealed a population of unexpectedly bright sources at ultra-high redshift ($z > 15$), challenging current models of early galaxy formation. One extreme example is 'Capotauro', an F356W-dropout identified in the CEERS survey and initially interpreted as a luminous galaxy at $z\sim30$, but subsequently...
This paper establishes an upper bound on the number of generalized cospectral mates of simple graphs, where the generalized spectrum consists of the spectrum of a graph and its complement. Moving beyond the classical problem of identifying graphs determined by their generalized spectrum, we address the more quantitative question of...
While Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) scales capacity via conditional computation, Transformers lack a native primitive for knowledge lookup, forcing them to inefficiently simulate retrieval through computation. To address this, we introduce conditional memory as a complementary sparsity axis, instantiated via Engram, a module that...
We consider the geometry of a class of fractal sets in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ that generalise the famous Koch curve and Koch snowflake. While the classical Koch curve is defined by an iterative process that divides a line segment into three parts and replaces the middle part by the legs of an isosceles triangle 'above' the line segment, in...
When swimming at low Reynolds numbers, inertial effects are negligible and reciprocal movements cannot induce net motion. Instead, symmetry breaking is necessary to achieve net propulsion. Directed swimming can be supported by magnetic fields, which simultaneously provide a versatile means of remote actuation. Thus, we analyze the...
In many applications involving binary variables, only pairwise dependence measures, such as correlations, are available. However, for multi-way tables involving more than two variables, these quantities do not uniquely determine the joint distribution, but instead define a family of admissible distributions that share the same...
We consider the problem of distinguishing human-written creative fiction (excerpts from novels) from similar text generated by an LLM. Our results show that, while human observers perform poorly (near chance levels) on this binary classification task, a variety of machine-learning models achieve accuracy in the range 0.93 - 0.98 over...
With the recent advancements in reasoning capabilities, tool calling using MCP servers and Audio Language Models (ALMs), development and integration of multi-modal agents (with voice and text support) has come to the industry forefront. Cascading pipelines for voice agents still play a central role in the industry owing to their...
Generating structured narrations for real-world e-commerce videos requires models to perceive fine-grained visual details and organize them into coherent, high-level stories--capabilities that existing approaches struggle to unify. We introduce the E-commerce Hierarchical Video Captioning (E-HVC) dataset with dual-granularity,...
The tentative detection of 3-hydroxypropanal (HO(CH$_2$)$_2$C(O)H) toward the Galactic center molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027 prompts a systematic survey in this source aimed at detecting all C$_3$H$_6$O$_2$ isomers with available spectroscopy. We use an ultra-deep broadband spectral survey of G+0.693-0.027, carried out with the Yebes...
This paper aims to propose a universal definition of intelligence that enables fair and consistent comparison of human and artificial intelligence (AI). With the rapid development of AI technology in recent years, how to compare and evaluate human and AI intelligence has become an important theoretical issue. However, existing...
Background Following changes in table tennis ball materials, offensive returns have become more important for initiating sustained topspin offense. However, using the backhand flick (BF) to return forehand short balls often increases the difficulty of recovery and continuity, revealing a technical gap. This study preliminarily...
Volcanic gas emissions are key precursors of eruptive activity. Yet, obtaining accurate near-surface measurements remains hazardous and logistically challenging, motivating the need for autonomous solutions. Limited mobility in rough volcanic terrain has prevented wheeled systems from performing reliable in situ gas measurements,...
Recent DESI baryon acoustic oscillation data reveal deviations from $Λ$CDM cosmology, conventionally attributed to dynamical dark energy (DE). We demonstrate that these deviations are equally, if not better, explained by interactions between dark matter and dark energy (IDE), without requiring a time-varying DE equation of state....
We present SetDiff, a geometry-grounded multi-view diffusion framework that enhances novel-view renderings produced by 3D Gaussian Splatting. Our method integrates explicit 3D priors, pixel-aligned coordinate maps and pose-aware Plucker ray embeddings, into a set-based diffusion model capable of jointly processing variable numbers of...
Conversational AI has significant potential in the healthcare sector, but many existing systems fall short in emotional intelligence, fairness, and politeness, which are essential for building patient trust. This gap reduces the effectiveness of digital health solutions and can increase user anxiety. This study addresses the challenge...
The synthetic control method (SCM) is a widely used tool for evaluating causal effects of policy changes in panel data settings. Recent studies have extended its framework to accommodate complex outcomes that take values in metric spaces, such as distributions, functions, networks, covariance matrices, and compositional data. However,...
The space Loc(m,S) of rank m flat bundles on a closed surface S is K_2-symplectic. A threefold M bounding S gives rise a K_2-Lagrangian in Loc(m,S) given by the flat bundles on S extending to M. We generalize this, replacing the zero section in the cotangent bundle to M by certain singular Lagrangians. First, we introduce Q-diagrams...