arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through July 28, 2026 — 23:24:05 EST
Efficient detection of harmful organic volatile compounds is a major health and environmental need in industrialized societies. Tailor-made metal-organic frameworks and other coordination polymers are emerging as promising sensing molecular materials thanks to their responsivity to a wide variety of external stimuli, and could be used...
One challenge in strong gravitational lensing cosmography is the measurement of time delays between multiple lensed images, which are essential for constraining the Hubble constant (\(H_0\)). In this study, we investigate how assumptions about the lens mass profile affect time-delay measurements in lensing systems. Specifically, we...
During Type III solar radio bursts, beam-driven upper-hybrid wave turbulence is converted into electromagnetic emissions at the fundamental plasma frequency and its harmonic, through a chain of various linear and nonlinear wave processes. In this work, we mainly investigate the relative roles and interplay of two key mechanisms: the...
The scarcity of annotated datasets for clinical information extraction in non-English languages hinders the evaluation of large language model (LLM)-based methods developed primarily in English. In this study, we present the first comprehensive bilingual evaluation of LLMs for the clinical Relation Extraction (RE) task in both English...
We present a reusable dataset and accompanying infrastructure for studying human search behavior in Interactive Information Retrieval (IIR). The dataset combines detailed interaction logs from 61 participants (122 sessions) with user characteristics, including perceptual speed, topic-specific interest, search expertise, and...
Common ground plays a critical role in situated spoken dialogs, where interlocutors must establish and maintain shared references to entities, events, and relations to sustain coherent interaction in a shared space and over time. With the increasing presence of embodied conversational agents and social robots, the ability to correctly...
Practical aspects of orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS), such as channel estimation and its performance in fractional delay-Doppler (DD) channels, are a lively topic in the OTFS community. Oversampling and pulse shaping are also discussed in the existing literature, but not in the context of channel estimation. To the best of our...
One of the key considerations in the development of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) protocols is the encoding of classical data onto a quantum device. In this chapter we introduce the Matrix Product State representation of quantum systems and show how it may be used to construct circuits which encode a desired state. Putting this in...
Disjunct matrices, also known as cover-free families and superimposed codes, are combinatorial arrays widely used in group testing. Among their variants, those that satisfy an additional combinatorial property called inclusiveness form a special class suitable for computationally efficient and highly error-tolerant group testing under...
Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is a key paradigm for improving large-scale reasoning models. Unlike supervised fine-tuning (SFT), RLVR exhibits distinct optimization dynamics and is sensitive to the preservation of pre-trained geometric structures. However, existing parameter-efficient methods face key...
The advancement of artificial intelligence has transformed user interface design by enabling adaptive and personalized systems. Alongside these benefits, AI driven interfaces have also enabled the emergence of dark patterns, which are manipulative design strategies that influence user behavior for financial or business gain. As AI...
In this paper, we establish a connection between the formalism of $\mathcal{R}$-transforms for non-Hermitian random matrices and the framework of spherical integrals, using the replica method. This connection was previously proved in the Hermitian setting and in the case of bi-invariant random matrices. We show that the...
The goal of the Collaborative Research Center 1625 is the establishment of a scientific basis for the atomic-scale understanding and design of multifunctional compositionally complex solid solution surfaces. Next to materials synthesis in form of thin-film materials libraries, various materials characterization and simulations...
Large regions of giant planets are thought to possess unstable thermal gradients stabilised by gradients in heavy-element composition. The fluid can then develop semi-convection, a double-diffusive instability driven by the unequal molecular diffusivities of heat and composition. While previous studies have focus mainly on local...
We consider the Hopf algebra of B-diagrams as an algebra projecting onto the Heisenberg algebra and designed to encode the combinatorics of the bosonic normal-ordering problem. In order to understand and generalize the properties of the algebra of noncommutative symmetric polynomials viewed as a Hopf subalgebra of the Hopf algebra...
The identification of forces and stresses is a central task in biophysics research: Knowledge on forces is key to understanding dynamic processes in active biological systems that are able to self-organize and display emergent properties by converting energy into mechanical work. The aim of this paper is to identify forces generated...
We experimentally investigate the effects of finite-system size on the dynamics of weakly nonlinear random gravity-capillary surface waves. Experiments are conducted in rectangular tanks with varying aspect ratios, in which the fluid surface is perturbed locally and erratically by small, partially submerged magnets. Driven by an...
When some resources are to be distributed among a set of agents following egalitarian social welfare, the goal is to maximize the utility of the agent whose utility turns out to be minimal. In this context, agents can have an incentive to lie about their actual preferences, so that more valuable resources are assigned to them. In this...
Lane-free traffic environments allow vehicles to better harness the lateral capacity of the road without being restricted to lane-keeping, thereby increasing the traffic flow rates. As such, we have a distinct and more challenging setting for autonomous driving. In this work, we consider a Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) planning...
We propose Spectral Complex Autoencoder Pruning (SCAP), a reconstruction-based criterion that measures functional redundancy at the level of individual output channels. For each convolutional layer, we construct a complex interaction field by pairing the full multi-channel input activation as the real part with a single output-channel...
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the industrial sector has not only driven innovation but also expanded the ethical landscape, necessitating a reevaluation of principles governing technology and its applications and awareness in research and development of industrial AI solutions. This chapter explores how...
Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have improved image recognition and reasoning, but video-related tasks remain challenging due to memory constraints from dense frame processing. Existing Video Moment Retrieval (VMR) methodologies rely on sparse frame sampling, risking potential information loss, especially...
Extragalactic jets are broadly classified into two categories based on radio observations: core-brightened jets, known as Fanaroff-Riley Type I (FR I), and edge-brightened jets, classified as Type II (FR II). This FR dichotomy may arise due to variation in the ambient medium and/or the properties of the jet itself, such as injection...
Nematic surfaces are thin liquid films endowed with in-plane orientational order. We study a variational model in which the nematic director is constrained to lie in the tangent space of an axisymmetric surface, and the associated surface energy accounts for both surface tension and elastic nematic contributions. Here we adopt the...
We study the problem of maximizing R{é}nyi entropy of order $2$ (equivalently, minimizing the index of coincidence) over the set of joint distributions with prescribed marginals. A closed-form optimizer is known under a feasibility condition on the marginals; we show that this condition is highly restrictive. We then provide an...