arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 23, 2026 — 12:15:54 EST
Supergranulation is one of the dominant scales of near-surface solar convection and provides an important diagnostic for studying the interaction between convective flows, rotation, and magnetic activity. We develop an automated framework to identify and characterize supergranular structures using subsurface horizontal-velocity maps...
Quantum resource testing is a fundamental primitive of quantum information processing, profoundly connected to resource manipulation. Its goal is to discriminate $n$ copies of a given resourceful state $ρ$ from all free (i.e., resourceless) states; key instances for applications are entanglement testing and quantum magic testing. The...
We previously constructed closed embeddings of Kac-Moody affine Grassmannian slices using fundamental monopole operators. These spaces are defined via the Braverman-Finkelberg-Nakajima construction of Coulomb branches for quiver gauge theories, and the embeddings do not quantize in general. However, there is variant of the BFN...
We present an analytical parametrization of the non-perturbative transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution function of unpolarized quarks, extracted from Drell-Yan data using a combination of neural-network fitting and symbolic regression. A factorized neural network is trained directly against experimental cross-section...
Spread your thumb and index finger in the air, and a virtual lamp in the room changes color. Computer simulations have a long and well-documented record of supporting physics learning. They can support the understanding of abstract physical concepts by making them interactive and by inviting students to play with parameters and...
A derangetropy operator reweighs a probability density by a fixed profile of its own cumulative distribution function, acting through ranks alone. We prove that these operators are precisely the transformations of absolutely continuous laws equivariant under monotone changes of variable, and that they compose through interval maps,...
Any algorithm execution on quantum computers requires several repeated and costly executions (known as shots) to obtain reliable results. In this work, we propose a closed-form accurate analytical expression to determine optimal number of shots required for reliable execution of any algorithm on a quantum computer. We also present a...
We establish a connection between Hardy's paradox and nonlocality sharing in sequential bipartite scenarios, where each subsystem is measured in turn by a chain of observers. We show that any correlations exhibiting a Hardy paradox in the two-input two-output scenario enable sequential violations of the CHSH inequality between...
We propose a geometric cosmological probe: the nodal line of the anisotropic galaxy correlation function --- the locus in the plane where the function changes sign. Because the nodal line depends only on this sign, it is invariant under any amplitude rescaling, and its information is mostly independent of and complementary to BAO. In...
We show an explicit qutrit channel whose private and quantum capacities both vanish, although it is neither antidegradable nor positive under partial transposition (PPT). This resolves two longstanding open problems in quantum information theory: whether zero quantum capacity can occur outside the PPT and antidegradable classes, and...
Fluctuation theorems for work provide universal constraints on nonequilibrium fluctuations, yet their quantum generalizations often rely on externally prescribed classical driving protocols. While for classical systems, fluctuation theorems have been extended to autonomous work, where the dynamics of the work source is subject to the...
We prove the sharp uniform continuity bound for quantum conditional entropy. If two bipartite states are at trace distance at most $δ$ and $d=\dim A$, the optimal dimension-only modulus of continuity is $h_2(δ)+δ\log(d^2-1)$ up to $δ=1-d^{-2}$ and $2\log d$ thereafter, where $h_2$ denotes the binary entropy. When $\dim B\ge d$, this...
We develop a motif-based framework for spatiotemporal chaos in spatial evolutionary games and use it to map the dynamical phase diagram in the payoff plane. Using Boolean linearization of the imitate-the-best rule, we derive analytical instability thresholds for local motifs including invaders, cooperative pairs, stripe interfaces,...
Extreme epidemic risk is controlled by the right tail of the outbreak-size distribution, but this distribution is generally unknown for non-Markovian spreading on networks. Here we determine this distribution by mapping non-Markovian SIR dynamics to an effective Markovian description. We show that arbitrary infection and recovery time...
Functional synapse clusters (FSCs) are synapses with correlated presynaptic activity that are colocalized on the same neuronal dendritic branch. FSCs have been observed after learning in cortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons. However, previous efforts to ablate FSCs by pharmacologically blocking dendritic nonlinearities to...
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging methods are particularly attractive for chemical engineering applications, including the monitoring of chemical reactions, where a rapid assessment of spatial variations in chemical composition is required. Conventional approaches, such as chemical shift imaging, introduce an additional...
High-dimensional data with sparse structure and spatio-temporal dependence arise in many scientific domains. We develop a Bayesian feature-extraction framework for spatio-temporal settings that employs Gaussian and Diffused-gamma priors to induce structured sparsity. The modeling framework specifies a general likelihood via Bregman...
Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) is altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD), widely regarded as a distributed network process; whether its FC signature reduces to a few focal sites has not been tested causally, a question central to targeted neuromodulation. We fit subject-specific, cross-subject-identifiable reservoir-computing...
Large ecosystems balance competition and cooperation, yet standard generalized Lotka--Volterra models make mutualism destabilizing by amplifying disorder and driving unbounded growth. We show that Monod-like saturation resolves this paradox: dynamical mean-field theory and random-matrix analysis reveal a broader stable phase and...
Wind plays a crucial role in changing prey defense strategy and predation efficiency. We develop and analyze a prey-predator model that incorporates wind driven environmental effects, prey group defense, and an additional food strategy for the predator. Wind intensity is assumed to modulate predation efficiency, while prey aggregation...
Objective. To develop and evaluate an adaptive electrode-selection method for tracking non-stationary spontaneous activity during long-term high-density microelectrode array (HD-MEA) recordings under a fixed channel budget. Approach. We formulated electrode allocation as a sequential subset-selection problem and used a discounted...
Complex networked systems are prevalent in biology, engineering, and the social sciences, yet their high-dimensional, nonlinear dynamics pose major challenges for analysis and prediction. A mathematically rigorous route to simplification is to represent system behavior on a low-dimensional, smooth invariant manifold known as a...
The exponential growth of genomic data, particularly for microbes, has made pangenomic approaches a gold standard for large-scale comparative genomics. By capturing the full genomic diversity of a species rather than relying on a single reference, pangenomics has transformed microbial genomics, revealing the adaptive potential of...
Cell type standardization plays a central role in integrating biological knowledge across single-cell studies. While standardized resources (e.g., Cell Ontology, Nomenclature Frameworks) provide unified vocabularies of cell populations, scientific publications and public datasets continue to use heterogeneous study-specific labels,...
Large language model research agents can connect literature retrieval, analysis code, and manuscript preparation, but coherent output does not establish scientific validity. We developed Plato-Bio, a biology-routed extension of the open Plato/Denario architecture that couples explicit workflow states with provenance records, citation...