arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 23, 2026 — 08:46:34 EST
Reinforcement learning improves autonomous-driving vision-language-action (VLA) models by evaluating trajectories sampled from the current policy. Group relative policy optimization (GRPO) learns from reward differences within each rollout group. When all sampled trajectories are poor, this relative signal can rank failures without...
6G networks will not be serving as communication infrastructures only; rather, they are expected to evolve into intelligent systems, where thousands of autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) agents are interconnected. The agents are deployed across a wide range of platforms including low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, high-altitude...
We develop an intrinsic theory of weighted, inhomogeneous Besov spaces on general homogeneous Lie groups without recourse to group-specific arguments. Starting from a definition in terms of localised test functions, we establish an equivalent, wavelet-like, multiscale characterisation. This provides a unified mechanism for deriving...
We study non-perturbative quark-antiquark pair production and the subsequent quark dynamics in the earliest glasma stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. For that, we develop a new model, WAGASHI (Wong-precessing Anisotropic Glasma And ScHwinger-produced Initial-conditions), which combines classical Yang-Mills glasma evolution,...
Interactive autoregressive video generation demands both low-latency rollouts and precise online control. Few-step distillation accelerates generation by reducing denoising steps, while online control imposes a causal constraint: frames and blocks should depend on history and controls available during generation. Existing video...
Telegram Mini Apps are Web applications embedded within the Telegram client, forming an ecosystem of third-party services within one of the world's most widely used messaging platforms. Despite their growing adoption and access to Telegram-provided context, their privacy properties remain largely unexplored. Unlike ecosystems such as...
Enterprise security topology design requires translating business intent, regulatory requirements, and risk assumptions into zones, boundary devices, inter-zone paths, and access-control policies. Existing NetOps automation tools mainly operate after this design is fixed, providing limited support for generating structured security...
We classify universal divisor-profile separation for coprime polynomial pairs of arbitrary degree and for all pairs of degree at most two. For \(A\subset\N\) and \(m\in\Z\), let \(d_A(m)\) count the members of \(A\) dividing \(m\). For coprime nonzero \(F,G\in\Z[x]\), universally unbounded separation between \(d_A(F(n))\) and...
On-policy distillation (OPD) supervises a student language model on trajectories sampled from its current policy, but assigns equal credit to response tokens with unequal supervision value. Selective OPD addresses this limitation by allocating supervision non-uniformly across response tokens according to their estimated training...
A well-known conjecture in complex geometry states that a compact Hermitian manifold with constant Chern holomorphic sectional curvature must be Kähler when the constant is nonzero and Chern flat when the constant is zero. The conjecture is known in complex dimension two and in several special classes in higher dimensions. For...
Implicit multimodal in-context learning compresses demonstrations into internal interventions, ranging from static task vectors to query-conditioned transformations and attention routing. Despite their common goal, these methods differ substantially in how the intervention depends on the query and where it modifies the model, leaving...
Unstructured documents constitute the majority of enterprise and web data. With the rapid development of large language models(LLMs), researchers have started to build data systems that analyze unstructured textual documents like operating on databases. However, because mainstream retrieval methods still relies on fuzzy matching based...
In this article we consider bridging between two mixture probability measures. In particular, given access to a Markov kernel between two component distributions, we provide a general mechanism to generate samples from one mixture to the other. Associated to a given reference and extended state space, we prove entropic optimality of...
Two graphs $G$ and $H$ are homomorphism indistinguishable over a graph class $\mathcal{F}$ if they admit the same number of homomorphisms from every graph in $\mathcal{F}$. A wide range of relaxations of graph isomorphism arise this way: isomorphism itself over the class of all graphs [Lovász, Acta Math. Hung. 1967], equivalence under...
Digital restoration of historical manuscript images aims to improve readability while preserving the authenticity of cultural heritage documents. However, evaluating quality of restored manuscripts remains challenging, where readability is often subjective and expert annotations are scarce. This study investigates the suitability of...
For each nonnegative integer $m$, we construct smooth symmetric $3\times 3$ coefficient matrices $A_m$ satisfying the fixed ellipticity bound \[ I\leq A_m\leq 2^{81}I \] for which the smooth solutions of uniformly elliptic equations in nondivergence form \[ \text{tr}(A_m(x)D^2 u_m)=A_m(x):D^2u_m=0\qquad\text{in }B_2\subset...
We construct a simple $λ$-double Lie algebra on $k[t,t^{-1}]$ for every nonzero $λ\in k$. We then show that the analogous two-sided construction of weight zero is also simple. Both products admit natural coefficient realizations via row-and-column-finite operators associated with the finitary $\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z$ matrix algebra.
We investigate the thermodynamic behaviour of an AdS black hole arising from nonlinear electrodynamics-corrected gravity, incorporating quantum effects through thermal fluctuations. From the Einstein--Euler--Heisenberg framework, we consider the modified black hole solution and analyse its thermodynamic properties in the extended...
We study two-weight weak-type estimates for the operator $S_v f = \mathcal{T}(fv)/v$, where $\mathcal{T}$ is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator or a Calderón-Zygmund operator (CZO) and $v$ is a weight. Concretely, under certain conditions on the weights involved, we prove that $S_v$ is bounded from $L^{1}(wv)$ to $L^{1,\infty}...
Magic plays a dual role in quantum computation: it promotes stabilizer dynamics from efficient classical simulability to universality, but it presents a central challenge for fault tolerance, since non-stabilizer operations are harder to protect against noise. Magic state distillation addresses this issue; however, existing protocols...
In this note, we construct moduli spaces of super-representations of quivers by extending King's Geometric Invariant Theory (GIT) framework to the super setting. Using the even part of super general linear groups and a parity-shifting operator, we construct moduli spaces that topologically parameterize super-representations of a fixed...
We prove new comparison results between the Wasserstein distance and its sliced and max-sliced counterparts. First, we show that the Hölder exponent~$\frac{2}{d+2}$ obtained by Bobkov and Götze for the max-sliced 1-Wasserstein distance on the unit ball is optimal for every $d \geq 2$, settling a question raised in their work. Second,...
The Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) has been consolidated as a basic tool for data-driven analysis of dynamical systems, allowing simultaneous identification of coherent structures and their dynamics from time-resolved measurements. However, with a linear regression at its core, DMD is unable to produce accurate models from...
Wireless networks increasingly support closed-loop industrial applications in which sensed data must be transmitted, processed, and converted into an action before physical process makes the result obsolete. Throughput, latency, and inference accuracy measured separately cannot determine whether such an application completed a useful...
Let p > 3 be a prime, and let S_p denote the geometric isomorphism classes of supersingular elliptic curves in characteristic p whose j-invariants lie in F_p. For each negative fundamental discriminant -D for which p is inert in Q(sqrt(-D)), let m_i(D), i in S_p, be the integral coefficients of the corresponding Gross vector. We prove...