arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 22, 2026 — 11:45:25 EST
We introduce a do-notation metalanguage for causal probabilistic programming. The metalanguage is based on magmads: non-associative monads. We derive causal probabilistic programming constructs from non-associativity and the primitives of probabilistic programming.
A central challenge in mechanism design is to develop truthful trade mechanisms that maximize the expected gains-from-trade (GFT) in two-sided markets. Because achieving the full GFT is generally impossible, the literature has focused on constant-factor approximations---a notoriously difficult problem even in simple settings. It was...
We obtain upper bounds for the number of real zeros of functions of the form $$ f(x) = \sum_{k=1}^{n} c_k \bigl(P_k(x)\bigr)^{α_k}, $$ where $c_k, α_k \in \mathbb{R}$ and each $P_k$ is a real polynomial of degree at most $d$ that is non-negative on an interval $I\subset \mathbb{R}$. We improve previously known exponential upper bounds...
We study Gaussian-restricted barycenters for quadratic two-sided Kullback--Leibler unbalanced optimal transport with independent marginal penalties and no coupling entropy. Exact profiling of the barycenter mass reduces the problem to a smooth Gaussian shape functional with endogenous Gibbs weights. We establish global attainment,...
A probability coordinate chart is a continuous strictly increasing bijection that transports observations to the open unit interval, where averaging is always well defined. For barycentric inference, the first coordinate moment is returned through the inverse chart. Higher initial coordinate moments similarly generate initial...
We show that a single dark-photon dark matter framework can simultaneously account for two recently reported anomalies: the halo-like Galactic gamma-ray excess identified by Totani in 15 years of Fermi-LAT data, and the $E_{\rm nr}=248\pm23\,({\rm stat})\pm23\,({\rm sys})$ keV nuclear-recoil event of interest reported by the...
Supermassive binary black holes embedded in gas-rich environments are promising multi-messenger sources for pulsar timing arrays and future space-borne gravitational-wave interferometers. Their electromagnetic emission is governed by nonlinear plasma dynamics around the binary and is expected to inherit variability associated with the...
Revocation completion, clean state, or operation success can leave authorized work able to cause an effect the application rejects while the provider stays within its contract. We call the absence of all such paths policy-relative effect closure, or effect closure for short. Thus, a grant is closed when its existing authorizations...
We find a quantum oracle relative to which $\mathsf{QMA} \neq \mathsf{QMA}(2)$. As a consequence, we resolve the no-disentanglers conjecture of Watrous: for every $ε+δ<1$, any $(ε,δ)$-disentangler requires input size exponential in the number of output qubits. Our proof combines the unitarily invariant polynomial method of She and...
Recent advancements in unified generative models (UGMs) and world simulators have achieved unprecedented results in visual perception and synthesis. However, these models primarily rely on surface-level event alignment, leaving the capacity for high-level visual reasoning underexplored. True visual generative intelligence demands...
Network Slicing (NS) is a fundamental pillar of 5G and beyond networks, enabling the provisioning of isolated, logical networks tailored to specific Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. While 3GPP standards comprehensively define slicing architectures over cellular access networks, the seamless integration of Non-3GPP technologies...
Assessing vulnerability detection tools for smart contracts requires datasets with known ground truth, yet such datasets are scarce and difficult to build by hand. We propose an approach that uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to automatically inject vulnerabilities into Solidity smart contracts, and demonstrate it in a case study...
Voice actors often re-read the same script while modifying their delivery in response to performance directions. We study this setting as direction-following TTS, where a system generates a new utterance that reflects a given direction relative to a reference utterance while preserving speaker identity and linguistic content. A key...
Simulation-based science often requires a distribution over simulator parameters whose push-forward reproduces a set of real observations: this is the source distribution estimation (SDE) problem. Existing methods fit the source against a likelihood surrogate trained once from a fixed proposal prior. Their objective is therefore...
For a bipartite graph $G$ and an integer $t\geq2$, let $\NM_t(G)$ be its $t$-non-matching complex. We prove that adding an edge while preserving bipartiteness induces an injection on reduced homology in degree $2t-3$. Combined with the cyclic-polytope model for non-matching complexes of cycles, this shows that $\NM_t(G)$ has Leray...
Generative AI is changing how cultural artifacts are created and circulated, and with it our understanding of creativity itself. Researchers disagree about whether these tools enrich or impoverish culture, and we argue that much of that disagreement comes from conflating two distinct components of creativity: novelty, a property of...
We use 3D direct numerical simulations to study the effects of vortex promoters in liquid metal duct flow to sustain Q2D states which are formed in the presence of strong magnetic fields, such as those present in cooling blankets of fusion reactors. Both for electrically insulating and conducting walls. In case of insulating walls,...
We study the classical $XY$-model on random geometric graphs $\mathcal{G}_{n, \varepsilon}$, which are obtained by sampling $n \in \mathbb{N}$ independent points in a finite domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^d$, $d \geq 2$, and connecting two points by and edge if their distance is of order $\varepsilon > 0$. We refer to $\mathcal{G}_{n,...
This paper is part of an ongoing series devoted to the classification of automorphisms and isomorphisms of twisted Chevalley groups over commutative rings. In our previous work~\cite{EB&DM1}, we established that over local rings containing $1/2$, all automorphisms of twisted Chevalley groups and their elementary subgroups of type...
Emotion-driven image editing aims to evoke a specified target emotion by modifying emotion-relevant visual cues in a source image, while preserving the overall composition and semantic-structural coherence of the original scene. Existing scene-level editors typically specify the target with a single emotion category and often learn...
To overcome the failure of the conventional non-relativistic description of statistics in strong gravitational fields, we develop a covariant theory for a photon gas in curved spacetime, starting from the Boltzmann equation and employing the relaxation time approximation. The transport coefficients are computed up to second order,...
Tipping points---abrupt, potentially irreversible reorganizations of a system's statistical state---are commonly anticipated through critical slowing down: recovery slows, autocorrelation and variance rise, and spectra redden. This paradigm is powerful near simple equilibrium bifurcations but is not a general theory for stochastic,...
Spatial temperature fields in Brownian heat engines are commonly prescribed \emph{a priori}, and the resulting transport and thermodynamic properties are then calculated. Here we formulate the complementary inverse-design problem: determining the temperature profile and barrier height that optimize a chosen thermodynamic objective. We...
In this work, we study nonnegative viscosity solutions to Hénon-type equations driven by the infinity-Laplacian with a degenerate weight, strong absorption and an additional source term. We focus on free boundary points lying in the degeneracy set of the weight. We prove the degeneracy set comparison principle, which yields uniqueness...
Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) traditionally focus their adaptive support on cognitive aspects of learning. Although effective, little is known about how such systems can be enhanced by addressing students' emotional states. In particular, the role of mindful interventions for supporting student learning and experiences in...