arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 22, 2026 — 06:23:57 EST
Forensic body fluid identification is crucial for reconstructing crime scene events. While DNA analysis provides individualization, it lacks information about the fluid's origin. We developed and evaluated three complementary proteomic approaches using LC-HRMS/MS to identify blood, saliva, semen, urine, and vaginal fluid, including...
Isotopic fractionation factors for oxygen and silicon in selected silicates (quartz, enstatite, forsterite, lizardite, kaolinite) have been calculated using first-principles methods. Good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained in the case of oxygen. In the case of silicon, agreement and differences with existing estimates...
Proteins are fundamental to biological processes, with their function determined by the complex interplay between the amino acid sequence and the three-dimensional structure. Developing generative models capable of understanding this intrinsically multi-modal relationship is crucial for fields like drug discovery and protein...
Large-language models (LLMs) are rapidly becoming part of human culture, reshaping how information is produced, transmitted, and used. Here we propose that their diffusion can be understood through a viral analogy, with LLM use spreading through populations, becoming embedded in cognitive and cultural practices. We model transitions...
We present a unified computational approach to tensor-based morphometry in detecting the brain surface shape differences between two clinical groups based on magnetic resonance images. Our approach is novel in a sense that we combined surface modeling, surface data smoothing and statistical analysis in a coherent unified mathematical...
Agent-based models (ABMs) provide a natural framework for representing cell-level rules and spatial heterogeneity in bacterial infections, but their computational cost limits their use for macroscopic tissue-scale simulations and broad parameter exploration. We derive a deterministic coarse-grained description for a class of...
T-cell immunity acts as a major defense system against controlling viral infections in vertebrates. During viral entry, innate immune cells degrade the viral proteins (antigens) and present them on their surface via Major Histocompatibility (MHC) proteins. T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognize these antigens/peptides presented by MHC...
How 3D genome architecture contributes to transcriptional specificity across neuronal cell types remains unclear. Here, we used multiplexed chromatin tracing to map chromatin architecture and cell identity at single-cell resolution in the adult Drosophila brain. We found that enhancer-promoter (E-P) proximity was increased in...
The last five-plus years have seen many protein engineering disciplines transformed by advances in machine learning (ML), but the same cannot be said for directed evolution. Reflecting on a previously co-authored perspective, I discuss why I believe this to be the case, arguing that a disconnect between the goals of...
Histology images contain rich morphological information and can provide insights into pathological processes. However, deriving hypotheses relating morphological phenotypes to clinical attributes is bottlenecked by a manual image interpretation step. Here, we demonstrate that this process can be automated through interpretable deep...
The integration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) into power systems introduces multi-timescale dynamics and oscillations which may propagate to distant areas and endanger the safe system operation. These oscillations pose a significant challenge as their source, frequency, and propagation pathways are often challenging to identify...
Cybergenetic control of gene expression enables applications in synthetic biology, drug development, and biomanufacturing. Microfluidic platforms allow the parallel control of large cell populations. However, the resulting computational burden and intrinsic biological heterogeneity limit the scalability of conventional control...
This work presents a camera-based sensor for mapping plant growth over an agricultural field. The sensor can be used on ground-based vehicles like a tractor and relies on RTK-GNSS to correctly merge many multispectral images onto one map. NDVI is used as an index to estimate plant growth, but the approach can be used with other...
No, the Julia programming language cannot land on the Moon - but it can play a crucial role in designing and analysing the Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) algorithms required for doing so. This paper presents the development of a lunar landing simulation framework implemented in Julia at the European Space Agency (ESA), within...
Sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks are envisioned as AI-native systems in which semantic communication - transmitting task-relevant meaning rather than raw bits - moves beyond Shannon's classical bit-pipe model. Large language models (LLMs) dominate semantic encoding but are unsuitable for 6G user equipment and IoT devices, given...
For resource-constrained wireless edge devices over bandwidth-limited fading channels, wireless image transmission using traditional separate coding suffers from the cliff-effect collapse. Prevailing deep joint source-channel coding (JSCC) based on convolutional neural networks can mitigate this issue but usually fail to preserve...
Robots operating in physical environments make control decisions based on uncertain sensor measurements, which can lead to unsafe or suboptimal actions. Runtime monitors that check their behavior against safety specifications must represent this uncertainty soundly. Zonotopes are a widely used representation, but continuously...
Many real-world networks involve interactions among three or more agents that cannot be reduced to pairwise coupling, making hypergraphs a natural modeling framework. In this work, we study complete synchronization in directed hypergraphs of nonlinear agents with parameter mismatches under dynamic diffusive coupling. Although...
Well-being is a broader concept ensuring psychological, social, physical, and cognitive health. Recreational activities are one of the major approaches to facilitate well-being. There are various recreational activities in each of the domains in which well-being can be measured. Although well-being is often assessed using subjective...
Background. Remote photoplethysmography estimates the cardiovascular pulse from facial video, and its explanations have rested on inspecting heatmaps rather than on quantitative evidence about where a model reads it. We quantified the explanations and asked whether such explanations transfer between datasets and track model...
Audio deepfake detection is commonly formulated as clip-level binary classification of single-domain audio. However, real-world manipulated audio can exhibit mixed authenticity, where genuine and manipulated cues coexist across temporal transitions, overlapping sources, or both. This setting requires not only detecting manipulated...
Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) is essential for understanding how environmental conditions shape biodiversity, particularly for destructive pests such as the Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregaria), whose breeding dynamics are tightly coupled to rapidly evolving environmental conditions. Maxent has become the dominant method for...
Lesion segmentation in medical images plays a critical role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Despite significant advances, lesion segmentation remains challenging due to two major factors: (1) complex background interference; (2) diverse lesion morphology. Existing encoder-decoder based methods mainly focus on enhancing...
Thyristor rectifiers (TRs) are cost-effective electrolysis power supplies for renewable power-to-hydrogen (ReP2H) systems, but their harmonics may violate grid-code limits. In contrast to conventional solutions that rely on higher-pulse (such as 24-pulse) rectifiers, this paper proposes an operational harmonic coordination scheme that...
This study experimentally investigates source-direction estimation from acoustic intensity using paired cardioid microphones, with particular emphasis on well-balanced arrangements known as tight frames. Impulse responses were measured at 6 or 24 microphone positions, and two opposed-pair spacings were examined. The resulting arrays...