Astronomy in the Islamic World: a European Perspective

Mathematical and astronomical achievements of the Islamic World during its golden era are briefly exposed. Thie article is based on the invited talk delivered remotely at the ICRANet-Isfahan Astronomical meeting, November 2-5, 2021, which, in turn, reproduces major parts of one of the chapters of my book ``Our Celestial Clockwork'', published recently (2021) by the World Scientific.